Air University Islamabad

Internal Combustion Engines

Lecture – 10
Wednesday, October 02, 2019

Course Code: ME-461

Semester: Fall 2019

Instructor: Hussain Zaheer

hussain.zaheer.ahmed@gmail.com

Oct 02, 2019 Lecture - 10 1

ME-461 Internal Combustion Engines Fall 2019

Torque and Power

 Many automobile engines have

maximum torque in the 200 to
300 N-m range at engine
speeds usually around 4000 to
6000 rpm.
 The point of maximum torque is
called maximum brake torque
speed (MBT).
 Flat torque-speed curves are
preferable.
 CI engines have greater torque
than SI engines in general.
 Larger engines often have very
high torque values with MBT at
relatively low speeds.
Oct 02, 2019 Lecture - 10 2
ME-461 Internal Combustion Engines Fall 2019

Air-Fuel ratio and Fuel-Air

ratio
The proper relative amounts of air (oxygen) and fuel is necessary for combustion
 


 Air-fuel ratio and fuel-air ratio are used to describe the mixture ratio.

 Ideal or stoichiometric AF for many gasoline type hydrocarbon fuels is very close to
15:1 and combustion is possible in the range 6:1 to 19:1. AF less than 6 is too rich
and greater than 19 is too lean. AF input in the range of 12:1 to 18:1 depending on
operating conditions at the time (e.g. accelerating, cruising, starting, etc.)
 CI engines have typical AF input in the range of 18 to 70, which appears to be way
outside the limits where combustion is possible. How then does combustion occur in
a CI engine?
 Equivalence ratio is the ratio of actual fuel-air to the ideal fuel-air ratio.

Oct 02, 2019 Lecture - 10 3