LANDSCAPE DESIGN

History of landscapes

Submitted by
JENNIFER GANTYADA
SEM 8
BARC1618
GARDEN ELEMENTS

LANDSCAPE ISLAMIC
ENGLISH
GARDEN IN TRADITION IN
LANDSCAPE
ANCIENT WORLD LANDSCAPE

ITALIAN AND
JAPANESE
FRENCH
LANDSCAPE
GARDENS
LANDSCAPE GARDEN IN ANCIENT WORLD

The gardens of ancient Egypt probably began

as simple fruit orchards and vegetable gardens,
irrigated with water from the Nile.
 The earliest gardens were composed of
planting beds divided into squares by earthen
walls, so the water could soak into the soil
rather than run off.
The front section had a rectangular pond
parallel to the river, with water plants in it,
and there was also date palms and sycamores.
A second section in the middle area was
enclosed within a wall and planted with light
green trees that were perhaps rare species.
A rear section was the largest area and again
has a rectangular pond bordered on one side by
date palms and on the other by sycamores.
Near this rear section was a small open kiosk of
the type we find at Amarna. On either long side
of the whole garden an enclosed path was
planted with trees of alternating species, while
tall trees formed an effective screen at the
back of the estate.
 ISLAMIC TRADITION IN LANDSCAPE

The application of the spiritual

concept in the case of the Taj Mahal.
 Traditionally, an Islamic garden is a
cool place of rest and reflection, and a
reminder of paradise
The general theme of a traditional
Islamic garden is water and shade, not
surprisingly since Islam came from and
generally spread in a hot and arid
climate.
Unlike English gardens, which are
often designed for walking, Islamic
gardens are intended for rest and
contemplation.
 For this reason, Islamic gardens
usually include places for sitting
FRENCH GARDENS
Garden based on symmetry and the principle of
imposing order on nature, developed from the
Italian renaissance gardens.
The style arrived in France in the 16th century
its epitome is generally considered to be
the gardens of Versailles designed during the
17th century by the landscape architect André le
Notre for louis xiv. Beautiful, intricate knot
gardens or long avenues of trees interspaced
with large ponds and fountains.
French garden design, is a very formal, very
ordered gardening style with lots of straight lines
and symmetry. A central axis leads away from
the house - perpendicular to the house.
The gardens of Versailles, created by André le
Notre between 1662 and 1700, they were the
largest gardens in Europe, with an area of 15,000
hectares,  
 ITALIAN GARDENS
Italian Garden Architecture is another style that evolved
after the Persian Gardening Style… This added another
element of interest in the “Development of  the Modern
Garden Architecture”.
Italian gardens are characterized by the abundance of
architectural features or built features in the garden.
Staircases, balustrades, cascades pavilions and pavements –
even the cypress avenues are imitations of colonnades. The
origins of the style are to be found in ancient Rome.
 Italian gardens are styled with a great amount of
symmetry, with geometrically shaped squares, rectangles,
and triangles carefully manicured and placed throughout
the garden. These shapes appeared in flower beds, hedges,
beautiful center pieces, and the layout of concrete paths.
Another basic feature of the Italian garden is as
promenade, or formal pathway, that is lined with
manicured hedges. Used to stroll the garden, seeing the
design from the best perspective, usually being the center. 
The sound and cooling effects of water are essential
elements of the Italian garden, featuring in fountains,
ponds, or cascades. it was decorated in the same manner,
with plenty of humorous and graceful art.
Sculptures of Roman gods, goddesses and heroes of
ancient legends and mythology were common. These were
usually places standing it central areas of the garden or as a VILLA LANTE GARDENS,ITALY
feature of a grand fountain. 
 ENGLISH LANDSCAPE

The English garden, also called

the English landscape park, is a
style the landscaped garden that
was created in England in the
early 18th century and spread
throughout Europe
It usually consisted of a lake
against which rolling lawns moved
tree groves and replicas of
classical temples, gothic ruins,
bridges and other picturesque
architecture
The English garden was imitated
at the end of the 18th century at
the French landscape garden and
up to St. Petersburg, Russia, in
Pavlovsk, the gardens of the future
emperor Paul.
JAPANESE LANDSCAPE

Japanese gardens derive their beauty from mixing and blending of different elements:
 Sand
Rocks
water
 ornaments such as lanterns, water basins, and bamboo fences natural plants and
surroundings
Black pines, red pines, and Japanese maples may be considered the quintessential
trees of the Japanese garden, but these species may not thrive in some dry and hot
climates.

Chaniwa gardens or tea gardens

Chaniwa gardens are built for
holding tea ceremonies.
There is usually a tea house where
the ceremonies take place and the
styles of both the hut and the garden
are located
The symbol for water when used in
Japanese landscaping represents life
and calm and a reminder of how
important water is for humanity and
surroundings
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