THINKING..!!!

"I believe in an open mind, but not so open

that your brains fall out."
• Left Vs Right Brain Thinking
Left side-dominated
strategy formulation

Right side-emphasis on
Intution and creative
thinking
 Linear thinking process
• Logical thinking—It’s a process one uses reasoning
consistently to come to a conclusion.
1-Logical reasoning is not an absolute law which governs
universe.
2-logic is not a set of rules that governs human behavior.
Premises-Assumptions on which argument is built on.
Inference-start with one or more propositions and use these to
reach a new proposition.
Conclusion-Result of the final step of inference.
The Ladder of Inference
This represents mental processing as
given by Chris Argyris.
We travel up and down this mental ladder
all the time.
1.Observation

2.selection

3.meanings

4.assumptions

5.mental patterns

6.actions
 The 5 Part Method!!
• Did u ever think that thinking has methods too???
Well those who use brains must have thought about it. This
method is comprised of 5 logical trees.
1.Whats the problem? (The CURRENT REALITY TREE)
2.What do we do about it? (The EVAPORATING CLOUD)
3.What would happen? (The FUTURE REALITY TREE)
4.How do we make it happen? (The PREREQUISITE TREE)
5.How do we execute it? (The TRANSITION TREE)
 The 3 Step Method!!
• It solves problems in three steps
1. Identify the problem.
2. Identify the root causes.
3. Remove the causes.
THIS SEEMS EASY??? HUH???
Making Linear Thinking effective

1. Tolerance to ambiguity
2. Look before you leap
3. Pause and notice
4. Wait and see
5. Insightful thinking
6. Systems thinking
 NON LINEAR Thinking process
• Process that are not rational and use emotions and feelings
and intuitions along with paralogical and systems approaches.
Jung’s two stage
thinking process
THINKING TYPE: Thinking types
orientate themselves in the world by
thoughts and facts, right and wrong,
intellectual models and systems.

SENSATE: Sensates orientate

themselves by data from the world
around them. 
FEELING TYPE: The feeling type
orientates himself by emotional
responses tied to personal values

INTUITIVE TYPE: Intuitives have a

vision. They are tuned in to a world
beyond the physical and draw strength and
comfort from it. 
 Types of non linear thinking
• Paralogical-Beyond the boundaries of logical, linear thinking and begins
to imagine bizzare & otherwise unthinkable solutions to a problem.
• Emotional-Believing that because you feel a certain way, then things must
automatically be that way. 
• Dialectical- Dialectical thinking refers to the ability to view issues from
multiple perspectives. It is a form of analytical reasoning that pursues
knowledge and truth as long as there are questions and conflicts.
• Juxtaposition - means placing things side-by-side. In art this usually is
done with the intention of bringing out a specific quality or creating an
effect.
• Paradoxical thinking. The power of paradox involves doing the opposite
of what may be considered a natural reaction to events. This is called the
law of reverse effort.
 CREATIVE THINKING
• It consists of cycles of
1. Divergent thinking- it is a thought process or method used
to generate creative ideas by exploring many possible
solutions.
Process of DT-
a) Problem definition by analysis
b) Solution finding by exploration
c) Redifine the problem
d) Solution finding by imagination and intution
CREATIVE THINKING CONTD.

• Convergent thinking-It generally means the ability to

give the "correct" answer to standard questions that
do not require significant creativity.
• Process of CT….
a) Problem definition by intelligence
b) Analysis to find solution
c) Synthesis for modelling situation with problem
d) Optimization to create problem free situation.
 Traditional VS Creative Thinking
Basis Traditional Thinking Creative Thinking

Concern Concerned with stability Concerned with change

Thinking Process Linear, orderly, sequential. Non linear , non orderly, non
sequential.

Idea generation Limited in idea generation. Analyses idea and uses them to
generate new ideas.
Analyses ideas and determines why
they wont work.

Idea screening Seeks yes or no justification for each Uses yes and no approach but tries
step. Tries to find what is rught. to find what is different.

Idea evaluation Objective analysis Subjective analysis

Idea selection Prefers unambiguous judgment Uses suspended judgment-does not

solution. hurry for a solution.
Follows-there is one definite answer
to every problem.

Brain Left Right

 INTUTION
• The term intuition is used to describe "thoughts and
preferences that come to mind quickly and without
much reflection“
• Intuition provides us with beliefs that we cannot
necessarily justify.
• The "right brain" is popularly associated with
intuitive processes such as aesthetic abilities.
 LEVELS of Intuition
• Physical-bodily sensations
• Emotional-feelings
• Mental-seemingly unrelated facts
• Spiritual