INTRODUCTION TO

EIA

BHAVANI .V
PROJECT FACULTY
NABET APPROVED EXPERT
(EIA Coordinator, AP & WP)
 The Environment (Protection) Act E PT RI

 The Environment (Protection) Act was enacted in 1986

with the objective of providing protection and
improvement of the environment.

 It empowers the Central Government to establish

authorities [under section 3(3)] charged with the mandate
of preventing environmental pollution in all its forms and
to tackle specific environmental problems that are
peculiar to different parts of the country.

 The Act was last amended in 1991

 Sections in EPA
E PT RI

EPA has 26 sections divided into 4 chapters –

I. Preliminary

II. General Powers of Central Government

III. Prevention Control and Abatement of Environmental

Pollution and

IV. Miscellaneous .

In exercise of powers conferred by section 6 and section 25 of

Environment Protection Act the Government hereby makes the
Environment (Protection) Rules, 19th November 1986
Clause (a) of sub-rule (3) of rule 5 of
the Environment (Protection) Rules
E PT RI

 Rule-5 :- Prohibition and Restriction on the

location of industries and the carrying on
processes and operations in different areas.
 Clause (a) of Sub-rule(3) :- Central Government
can impose prohibition or restriction on the
locations, process and operation of an industry,
by giving Official Gazette notification.
EIA history – India E PT RI

5
Definition of EIA
E PT RI

Environmental
 Impact Assessment is
A formal process for identifying:
• likely effects of activities or Environment is
projects on the broadly interpreted:
ENVIRONMENT, and on physical, biological,
human health and welfare. and social.
• means and measures to
mitigate & monitor these In EIA, the term
“impacts” is used
impacts
instead of “effects
of activities.”
What is an
impact?

6
Definition of EIA
E PT RI

 EIAis defined as a systematic process to

identify, predict and evaluate the
environmental effects of proposed
actions and projects.

 This process is applied prior to major

decisions and commitments being made,
and particular attention is given in EIA
practice to preventing, mitigating and
offsetting the significant adverse effects
of proposed undertakings.
7
What is an impact?
E PT RI

The impact of an activity is

a deviation (a change) The baseline
from the baseline situation situation is the
that is caused by the existing
environmental
activity. situation or
condition in the
absence of the
To measure an impact, you activity.
must know what the
The baseline
baseline situation is. situation is a key
More…
concept in EIA.

8
Sustainable development
E PT RI

 Sustainable Development is built on three basic

premises i.e. economic growth, ecological balance and
social progress.

Social
Developoment

SD

Economic
Environmental Development
Development

9
Aims and objectives of EIA E PT RI

 The aims and objectives of EIA can be divided

into two categories.
 The immediate aim of EIA is to inform the process of
decision-making by identifying the potentially significant
environmental effects and risks of development proposals.

 The ultimate (long term) aim of EIA is to promote

sustainable development by ensuring that development
proposals do not undermine critical resource and
ecological functions or the well being, lifestyle and
livelihood of the communities and peoples who depend on
them.

10
Core Value of EIA E PT RI

 Integrity: the EIA process should be fair,

objective, unbiased and balanced.

 Utility: the EIA process should provide

balanced, credible information for
decision making

 Sustainability: the EIA process should

result in Environmental Safeguard
11
 Environmental Impact Assessment
(EIA)
E PT RI

 Based on clause (a) of sub-rule (3) of rule 5 of the Environment

(Protection) Rules, EIA notification is introduced.

 First EIA Notification was given on the 27th January, 1994

 (cost of project was criteria for screening)

 Revised EIA Notification - S.O 1533 under sub-rule (3) of rule 5

of the Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986 was given on 14th
September, 2006.

 Subsequent amendment of EIA notification 2006

 Environmental Impact Assessment
(EIA-1994)
E PT RI

 The environment impact process was integrated into the Indian legal system in 1994 when
Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification came into existence.
 The objective of the Notification was to push for more sustainable industrialisation
process in the country after giving due consideration to environmental and social impacts.
For doing so, the notification imposed restrictions on setting up, modernising or expanding
any new project or proposal without getting an environmental clearance from the
government.
 The notification specified the type of project/proposal that needed environmental
clearance and thus would have to conduct the EIA.
 The Act made it mandatory for all projects listed in schedule 1 to get an environmental
clearance from the Central government, be it, for setting or expanding any plant anywhere
in the country. It also listed a number of projects/proposals, which have been exempted
from the environment clearance process or public hearing.
 The notification also made provisions for formation of an Impact Assessment Agency
(IAA), which essentially consisted of experts for review of the documents submitted to the
MoEF for clearance. It defined the roles and responsibilities of the IAA and has fixed
time frame for various stages of the environmental clearance process. The notification also
made the provision for the proponent to reapply in case it was rejected due to lack of data.
It, however, placed a penalty of automatic rejection in case of misrepresentation and
concealing of factual data. 
 {

Amendment’s to EIA-1994 E PT RI

 The EIA notification 1994 was amended 12 times in 11 years. While most of the amendments diluted the process of
environmental clearance process, there were some, which also strengthened the process. Some of the key amendments
are discussed as follows:
 Amendment on April 10, 1997: The process of environmental public hearing (EPH) was introduced in the environmental
clearance process. The SPCBs were entrusted to conduct public hearing to get the views and concerns of the affected
community and interested parties for the proposed project. It was also entrusted with forming an EPH committee to ensure
fair representation in the public hearing process. This amendment also made some changes with reference to the
environmental clearance required for power plants. 
 
 Amendment on June 13, 2002: This amendment diluted the purpose of the notification exempting many industries
from the EIA process or from the entire environment clearance process on the basis of level of investment.
 It exempted pipeline and highway projects from preparing the EIA report, but these projects would have to conduct public
hearings in all the districts through which the pipeline or highway passes.
 A number of projects were totally exempted from the Notification if the investment was less than Rs 100 crore for new
projects and less than Rs. 50 crore for expansion/modernisation projects.
 Most of the industries exempted from the clearance process had a very high social and environmental impact even if the
investment was less than Rs 100 crore. For example, in case of hydel power projects, irrespective of the investment, there will
be social impacts due to displacement.
 No EIA was required for modernisation projects in irrigation sector if additional command area was less than 10,000
hectares or project cost was less than Rs. 100 crore. 
 
 Amendment on 28th February, 2003: It took into consideration location-sensitivity into the environment clearance
process.
 Amendment on 7th May 2003: The notification was amended to expand the lists of activities involving risk or hazard.
 Amendment on August 4th 2003: This amendment was similar to the one in February 2003 that tried bringing in location-
sensitivity in the entire environmental clearance process. Any project located in a critically polluted area, within a radius of
15 kilometres of the boundary of reserved forests, ecologically sensitive areas, which include national parks, sanctuaries,
biosphere reserves; and any State, had to obtain environmental clearance from the Central Government.
Contd… E PT RI

 Amendment on September 2003: Site clearance was made mandatory for green field
airport, petrochemical complexes and refineries.
 Amendment on July 7th, 2004: It made EIA mandatory for construction and industrial
estate. 
 13th Amendment on 4th July 2005: The amendment provided that projects related to
expansion or modernisation of nuclear power and related project, river valley project, ports,
harbours and airports, thermal power plants and mining projects with a lease area of more
than 5 hectares could be taken up without prior environmental clearance. The Central
Government in the Ministry of Environment and Forests may, on case to case basis, in
public interest, relax the requirement of obtaining prior environmental clearance and may,
after satisfying itself, grant temporary working permission on receipt of application in the
prescribed format for a period not exceeding two years, during which the proponent shall
obtain the requisite environmental clearance as per the procedure laid down in the
notification. The grant of temporary working permission would not necessarily imply that the
environmental clearance would be granted for the said project.

There was a wide spread opinion that the EIA notification was not able to address all the
concerns and had several weaknesses which was making the entire clearance process
weak. This was the reason why Union Ministry of Environment and Forest (MoEF) initiated
the process of bringing in some significant modifications in the environment clearance
process. A draft notification was published on September 15, 2005. This was put up for
public comment for a year and was notified in September 2006.  15
Comparison of Old & New systems
E PT RI

Steps Problems in Old System How addressed in

New System
Screening Related to project investment, and Criteria are: Scale of impact,
nature of activity (except designated severity of impact, nature of
ecofragile areas) location
Scoping None: Project Consultant has to Regulator specifies TORs
guess at concerns of regulator leaving no scope for repeated
iterations in EIA Process
Public Unstructured method, isolated from Structure is provided;
Consultation EMP and duration not under control timeframe is determinate;
of proponent safeguard against perverse
iterations
Appraisal Centralised, Uncertain with respect Decentralised. Defined time &
to time and information for decision- information limits and
making leading to multiple iterations outcomes at each stage of
processing & decision-making
leading to certainty in
timeframe 16
EIA -2006 E PT RI

 The objective of EIA Notification 2006 is to address the

limitations in the old EIA Notification (1994). Therefore,
various modifications have been incorporated in the old
Notification, which the ministry claims have been done after
taking into account the feedback from the different
stakeholders

17
Categorization of projects - EIA Notification, 2006

E PT RI

 Broad criteria for categorization of projects

 Scale of Impact
 Severity of Impact
 Nature of location

• Category A projects are cleared by the MoEF on the recommendations of an

Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) to be constitute by the Central Government.

• Category B projects are cleared by SEIAA on the recommendations of a State

or Union territory level Expert Appraisal Committee (SEAC) as to be

constituted for in this notification

• In the absence of a duly constituted SEIAA or SEAC, a Category ‘B’ project

shall be treated at the central level as Category ‘B’ project.

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 EIA 2006 Preamble E PT RI

Central Government hereby directs that on and from the date of its
publication (14th September, 2006)

• The required construction of new projects or activities or the expansion

or modernization of existing projects or activities listed in the Schedule to
this notification entailing capacity addition with change in process and or
technology shall be undertaken in any part of India only after the prior
environmental clearance from the Central Government or as the case
may be, by the State Level Environment Impact Assessment Authority,
duly constituted by the Central Government under sub-section (3) of
section 3 of the said Act, in accordance with the procedure specified
hereinafter in this notification.
Requirements of Prior
Environmental Clearance (EC)C
E PT RI

Which projects require EC?

Projects referred to Central Government, Ministry of

Environment and Forest (MoEF) are falling under Category A
and projects referred to State SEIAA are falling under
Category B.

Following activities require EC:

• All new projects or activities listed in the Schedule to this

notification
• Expansion and modernization of existing projects or activities
listed in the Schedule to this notification
• Any change in product - mix in an existing manufacturing unit
included in Schedule
Applicability of General Conditions E PT RI

Any project specified in Category ‘ B’ will be treated as

Category ‘ A’, if located whole or in part within 5 kms from
the boundary of:

(i) Protected Areas notified under Wild Life Act, 1972,

(ii) Critically Polluted areas as identified by the CPCB
(iii) Eco-sensitive areas, as notified under section 3 of
E (P) Act, 1986,
(iv) Inter-State boundaries and international boundaries

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 Specific Condition E PT RI

 If any Industrial Estate/Complex / Export processing Zones /Special Economic Zones/Biotech Parks /
Leather Complex with homogeneous type of industries such as Items 4(d), 4(f), 5(e), 5(f), or those
Industrial estates with pre –defined set of activities (not necessarily homogeneous, obtains prior
environmental clearance, individual industries including proposed industrial housing within such
estates /complexes will not be required to take prior environmental clearance, so long as the Terms
and Conditions for the industrial estate/complex are complied with (Such estates/complexes must
have a clearly identified management with the legal responsibility of ensuring adherence to the Terms
and Conditions of prior environmental clearance, who may be held responsible for violation of the
same throughout the life of the complex/estate).
4(d) - Chlor-alkali industry

4(f) Skin/hide processing including tanning industry

5(e) Petrochemical products and petrochemical based processing such as production of carbon black and
electrode grade graphite (processes other than cracking & reformation and not covered under the
complexes).

5(f) Synthetic organic chemicals industry (dyes & dye intermediates; bulk drugs and intermediates
excluding drug formulations; synthetic rubbers; basic organic chemicals, other synthetic organic chemicals
and chemical intermediates)
22
State Level Environment Impact Assessment
Authority (SEIAA)
E PT RI

 SEIAA shall be constituted by the Central Government

 Comprising of three Members
 Chairman and a member secretary to be nominated by
the State Government or the Union territory
Administration
 Rules for membership of SEIAA
 All decisions of the SEIAA shall be unanimous and
taken in a meeting
 The SEIAA is constituted generally for a period of 3
years.
 Expert Committees for Screening, Scoping and
Appraisal (EAC and SEAC) E PT RI

 Expert Committees at Central and State Level will screen, scope and

appraise the projects into Category A and Category B.

 The committee meet at least once in every month.

 The EAC and SEAC shall be reconstitute after every three years

 The authorized members of the EAC/SEAC may inspect any site

connected with the project or activity for purpose of screening,

scoping and appraisal with prior notice of seven days.

 The EAC and SEAC shall function on the principle of collectively

EIA PROCESS WITH TIMELINE E PT RI

25
 26
• Appraisal
Step IV
• Public Consultation
Step III
• Scoping
Step II
• Screening (only for Category ‘B’ Step I
projects)
E PT RI
Stages in Environmental Appraisal
Stage – I Screening E PT RI

• Category A projects – No screening required

• Category B projects - Will be further screened by
SEAC for categorization into either B1 or B2

Category B1 EIA, Public

hearing

Category B

Category B2 No EIA & PH

27
 Stage 1: Screening E PT RI

 Screening is the first step of project evaluation

 Screening is applied to distinguish whether a project is subjected to or excluded from
an EIA
 Screening Criteria
 Scales of investment
 Type of development; and,
 Location of development.

 Only for Category B projects and activities to determine if they need EIA

 Category A projects compulsorily need EIA

 Scrutiny of an application seeking EC by SEAC for determining whether or not the

project or activity requires further environmental studies
 Form 1
 Form 1A

 Classify projects as B1 (require EIA) and B2 (don’t require EIA)

 For categorization of projects into B1 or B2, the MoEF shall issue appropriate guidelines
from time to time
Stage – II Scoping E PT RI

 Scoping’ refers to the process by which

the EAC/SEAC determine detailed and
comprehensive TOR addressing all
relevant environmental concerns for the
preparation of an EIA report.

29
Stage II: Scoping E PT RI

 Scoping is essentially the first task in determining the focus of an EIA

 Identification of Key Impacts and to draw up the Terms of Reference (ToR)
 Quantifiable impacts are to be assessed on the basis of magnitude, prevalence, frequency and
duration
 Non-quantifiable impacts (such as aesthetic or recreational value), significance is commonly
determined through the socio-economic criteria
 Determine comprehensive Terms of Reference (ToR) addressing all relevant environmental
concerns for preparation of an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Report based on
 the information furnished by applicant in the prescribed application Form1/Form 1A including
 a site visit by a sub- group of EAC or SEAC only if considered necessary
 In case
 ToR shall be conveyed within 60 days from the receipt of Form-1 from the applicant. If not –

 If the ToR is not finalized and conveyed, then it shall be be deemed as final ToR for the
EIA studies.
 In case of Category Hydroelectric project – ToR shall be conveyed along with the
clearance for pre-construction activities.
 Approved ToR shall be displayed on the website of the MoEF or the concerned SEIAA

 Applications for EC may be rejected at this stage itself

 the decision together with reasons for the same shall be communicated to the applicant
Scoping – Protocols E PT RI

 Standard Terms of Reference (TOR) for EIA /

EMP Report for Projects / Activities Requiring
EC was prepared by MoEF&CC and available
on its website
 These standard TOR shall enable the PP to
commence preparation of an EIA report after
successful online submission and registration
of the application
 EAC / SEAC may stipulate additional Terms of
Reference, if found necessary, within thirty
days of the acceptance of the application
31
 Validity of TOR for submission of EIA/EMP E PT RI

 River Valley and HEP projects - 4 years

 Other Projects – 3 years
 Can be extended for one more year by RA – PP to file
to RA atleast 3 months before expiry of the TOR
 The SPCBs shall ensure that the PH is conducted with
in the timeline of 45 days as prescribed in the EIA
Notification, 2006
 All the projects where the PP have already submitted
their EIA / EMP Report for consideration by the EAC
though the cases have still not been placed before the
EAC and meanwhile the data had become more than
three years old, shall be considered
O.Ms Dated 22nd August 2014, 8th October 2014, 7th November 2014 and 29th August 2017 32
Validity of TOR for submission of EIA/EMP E PT RI

29th August, 2017

33
EIA report Preparation E PT RI

 Environmental Baseline Study

 Air, Water, Noise, Soil, Ecology and biodiversity,
Socio economics, Hydrogeology, Land Use etc.
 Interpretation of the results
 Impact Identification & assessment
 Prediction by models
 Mitigation Measures
 Suggesting Environmental Management Plan
 Conclusion

34
 Stage –III Public Consultation E PT RI

All Category ‘A’ and Category B1 projects or activities shall undertake Public
Consultation which has exemptions under few cases. 35
Components - Public Consultation E PT RI

 Public Consultation: Two components

 Component I: Conducting Public Hearing
at Site or its close proximity – district
wise; for ascertaining concerns of local
affected persons
 Component II: Obtain responses in writing
from other concerned persons having a
plausible stake in the environmental
aspects of the project or activity
36
 Public Consultation – Requirements E PT RI

 A minimum notice period of 30 days – one major national

daily and in one regional vernacular daily / official state
language
 Where the newspaper do not reach, the Authority should
arrange to inform the local public about the PH by the other
means
 Entire proceedings to be video graphed
 A Statement of the issues raised by the public and the
comments of the applicant shall also be prepared in the local
language or the official state language, as the case may be,
and in English and annexed to the proceedings
 Display of the minutes of PH at – Panchayat, Zilla Parishad,
Office of District Magistrate and SPCB. SPCB to display on
the website also

37
 Presiding over Public Hearing E PT RI

 District Magistrate / District Collector / Dy.

Commissioner or his representative not below
the rank of Addl. District Magistrate assisted by
the representative of SPCB, shall supervise and
preside over the entire PH
 Attendance of all those who are present at the
venue shall be noted and annexed with the final
proceedings
 No quorum required for starting the
proceedings
38
After Public Consultation… E PT RI

 Applicant shall address all environmental

concerns expressed during PH

 Make appropriate changes in the draft EIA

 Final EIA report shall be submitted by the

applicant to the concerned regulatory
authority for appraisal
Stage IV Appraisal E PT RI

 Detailed scrutiny by the EAC of the application

and other document like the final EIA report,
outcome of the public consultations including
public hearing proceedings, submitted by the
applicant to the regulatory authority concerned
for grant of EC.
 Uploading Form-II

40
Stage 4: Appraisal E PT RI

 Detailed scrutiny by the EAC or SEAC of

 documents like the Final EIA report
 outcome of the public consultations including public hearing proceeding
submitted by the applicant to the regulatory authority concerned for
grant of environmental clearance

 Appraisal of all projects or activities which are not required to

undergo public consultation, or submit an Environmental Impact
Assessment report (Category B2) shall be carried out on the basis
• prescribed application Form 1 and Form 1A
• any other relevant information
• Site visits wherever the same is considered

 EAC or SEAC shall recommend to the regulatory authority concerned

• either for grant of prior environmental clearance on stipulated terms
and conditions
• or rejection of the application for prior environmental clearance,
together with reasons for the same.
 Grant or Rejection of EC E PT RI

 The regulatory authority shall consider the recommendations of the EAC or SEAC concerned and
convey its decision to the applicant

 The regulatory authority shall normally accept the recommendations of the Expert Committees

 In cases where it disagrees with the recommendations of the Expert Committee (Central or State),
the regulatory authority shall request reconsideration by the Central or State Expert Appraisal
Committee

 After reconsideration, irrespective of views of Expert Committee, decision of the regulatory

authority concerned shall be final.

 If decision not granted within stipulated time, the applicant may proceed as if the environment
clearance sought for has been granted or denied by the regulatory authority in terms of the final
recommendations of the Expert Committee concerned

 Deliberate concealment and/or submission of false or misleading information or data which is

material to screening or scoping or appraisal or decision on the application shall make the
application liable for rejection

 Rejection of an application or cancellation of a prior environmental clearance already granted

shall be decided by the regulatory authority, after giving a personal hearing to the applicant, and
following the principles of natural justice
Validity of Environmental Clearance E PT RI

 Ten years in the case of River Valley projects

 Thirty years for mining projects

 Five years in the case of all other projects and activities

 Area Development projects and Townships, the validity period

shall be limited only to such activities as may be the
responsibility of the applicant as a developer
 Post Environmental Clearance E PT RI

Monitoring

 Mandatory for the project management to submit

half-yearly compliance reports in respect of the
stipulated prior environmental clearance terms and
conditions.
 METHODOLOGY
Project Initial Meeting and
Reconnaissance Survey

Discussions with the client for sharing the views related to DPR
preparation and obtained approved ToR from MoEF&CC.

Base Line Data Generation /

Collection
Secondary Data from
Primary Survey • Indian Meteorological
•Physical Environment Department or SRAC (State
Meteorological data, Air Quality, Traffic study, Water, Remote Sensing Application
Noise environment, Hydrology, Hydro-geological Center)
conditions, land environment. • Revenue Department
•Biological Environment • Agriculture Department
Density and diversity of flora and fauna in the study area, • Forest Department
ecologically sensitive areas, List of floral Diversity, List • Fisheries Department
of faunal Diversity, Current use pattern of natural • Mines and Geology department
resources • Ground water Department
•Socio-economic Environment • Census Department
Land utilization and land use pattern, Socio-economic • Botanical and Zoological survey of India.
situation and its impacts. R&R of project affected persons
including fisher folk. Employment status, Distribution of
Conducting Dam Break Analysis,45
income, Health conditions, Civic amenities, impacts on
Catchment Area Treatment Plan,
Archaeological and religious sites of importance, if any
R&R Plan, Hydro geo morpohology,
changes in the command area
 Contd…
Prediction of Environmental The possible
Impacts impact on local
Environmental
Input from modelling software and conditions:
techniques  Air
 Water
Assessment of Impacts and Risk Assessment  Land
and DMP will be carried out  Noise
 Health
Submission of Draft EIA & EMP report by  Social
incorporating the one season interpreted
 Traffic
monitoring data values along with Executive
Summary in English and Local Language to
conduct-ing Public Consultation by concerned
State Pollution Control Board (SPCB).

Public Hearing (PH)

Submission of Final EIA report along with PH

proceedings , to MoEF&CC, New Delhi for Grant EC
obtaining Environmental Clearance
46
 Consent for Establishment E PT RI

 It is obligatory on the part of the industry to obtain Consent for Establishment

and Consent for Operation from the Board under Section 25 of the Water
(Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 as amended and under Section 21
of the Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 as amended. 
 In case of  industries which do not attract the provisions of EIA-2006
Notification, the applications may be submitted directly in the Single Window at
Commissionerate of Industries/ Office of the concerned General Manager,
District Industries Centre in the prescribed form i.e. Common Application Form,
Form-I, Part -A and Application for Consent for Establishment, Form-I, Part -C.
 All the industries are required to obtain Consent for Establishment for any new
unit or before carrying out expansion/modernization of any existing unit.
 Consent for establishment is one time and required only at the time of
establishment of new unit or before carrying out expansion /modernization in
the existing unit.
 The CFE application form (in Triplicate)  may be submitted directly to the
      concerned Regional Office of State PCB
 The EE of concerned RO, State PCB inspects the site and process the
applications  at RO level as per the delegated powers, OR furnish the
inspection report to the ZO/HO for processing the application of CFE.
 Depending on their pollution causing potential the units have been categorized
under Red, Orange and Green.
 Consent for Operation
E PT RI

 The units after establishment are required to obtain Consent for

Operation before commencing commercial production.
 Consent for operation is also required for all the existing units which are
covered under the provisions of Water (Prevention & control of
Pollution) Act, 1974 and Air (Prevention & control of Pollution) Act, 1981.
 Consent for operation is granted for a specific period and needs to be
got renewed every time after expiry.
 All Industries are required to submit compliance report of the consent
conditions of consent to establish order or previous consent to operate
order issued by the State Board as the case may be.
 All such applications will be examined and if required inspected to know
the latest status of pollution control measures and to collect samples of
air emissions, waste water or solid waste before taking decision on the
applications.
 The entrepreneur may consult the concerned Regional Officer, if any
difficulty is faced in filling up the Application Form etc.
Draft Amendment - 18th December, 2017 E PT RI

49
Draft Amendment - 18th December, 2017 E PT RI

50
EC – Certified Compliance Report E PT RI

51
New Delhi, the 28th June, 2018 E PT RI

“III. Specific water consumption shall not exceed maximum of 3.0

m3 /MWh for new plants installed after the 1st January, 2017 and
these plants shall also achieve zero waste water discharge.”;

52
Dated: 27.02.2018 E PT RI

 Clarification regarding applicability of EIA Notification

2006 for coal tar pitch melting.
 The matter was examined in the Ministry and it has been
decided that the process of melting of coal tar pitch
involves only physical change from solid (granular) form
to liquid form and there are no emissions into the air
and water. 3. In view of the above, it is informed that
coal tar pitch melting does not attract the provisions of
the EIA Notification 2006 as amended from time to time.
Amendments E PT RI

 Implementation of Notification S.0.1030 (E) dated 8th March,

2018 
Uploaded on 16/03/2018  
 Terms of Reference for EIA/EMP studies for the projects/acti
vities requiring Environmental Clearance under the EIA Notifi
cation, 2006 - Extension of validity period - regarding. 
Uploaded on 01/09/2017   
 Standard ToR - Scoping in EIA Reg 
Uploaded on 12/05/2015   
 EIA Notification 2006 - Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facilitie
s 
Uploaded on 16/06/2015   
 Clarification on applicability of EC for Solid Waste Managem
ent Treatment and Processing facilities. 
Uploaded on 05/07/2017   
Amendments E PT RI

 S.O 805(E) dated:14.03.2017 - Process for appraisal of T

OR/EC projects under violation of EIA Notification, 2006 U
ploaded on 16/03/2017 
 
 S.O. 3518(E) -Amendment in EIA Notification, 2006 - Prod
uct Mix Pet Coke  Uploaded on 28/11/2016 
  
 Amendments in the EIA Notification, 2006 dated 01.07.20
16 S.O 2269(E) Uploaded on 19/07/2016 
  
 Sustainable Sand Mining Management Guidelines 2016 U
ploaded on 07/06/2016 
 
 
Draft Notification for violation cases under the provisions
of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. Uploaded on 3
0/05/2016 
Amendments E PT RI

 S.O. 648(E) [03-03-2016] : Notification regarding Amendm

ent in EIA Notification, 2006  Uploaded on 11/03/2016 
 
 S.O. 190(E) [20-01-2016] : Constitution of DEIAA and DE
AC for appraising category B 2 project for mining of minor
minerals Uploaded on 27/01/2016 
  

 S.O. 141(E) [15-01-2016] : Amendment in EIA notification

2006 with respect to mining of minor minerals including sa
nd mining and others Uploaded on 25/01/2016 
  

 S.O.3252(E) dated 22.12.2014 - Amendment in EiA

Notification, 2009 (Category 8(a) & 8 (b) ) Uploaded on 0
5/03/2015 
EIA Manuals prepared by IL & FS E PT RI

1. Thermal Power
2. Cement
3. Ship Breaking Yards
4. Chemical Fertilizers
5. Sugar
6. Distillieries
7. Leather/Skin/Hide Processing Industry
8. Offshore and On-shore Oil & Gas Exploration, Development & production
(9) Common Effluent Treatment Plants (CETPs)
9. Industrial Estates
10. Pulp & Paper
11. Common Municipal Solid Wastes
12. Petroleum Refineries
13. Petrochemical Plants
14. Pesticides and Pesticide Intermediates
15. Chlor Alkali Industry
16. Synthetic Organic Industry(
17. Petrol-chemical based production
18. Coke Oven Plants
19. Soda Ash
20. Integrated Paints
21. Man-made Fibre
22. Oil & Gas Transportation pipe-line
23. Isolated Storages and handling of hazardous chemicals
24. Metallurgical Industries
25. Induction/Arc Furnaces
26. Common Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage and Common Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage and Dispos
al Facilities
Final EIA Manuals prepared by ASCI E PT RI

Ten Sectoral Manuals under EIA Notification, 2006

(1) Mining
(2) Mineral Beneficiation
(3) Ports and Harbours
(4) Airports
(5-A) Building Construction
(5-B) Townships
(6) Asbestos
(7) Highways
(8) Coal Washery
(9) Aerial Ropeways
(10) Nuclear Power Plants,Nuclear
Fuel Processing plants and Nuclear Waste
Managment Plants
Loopholes and deficiencies E PT RI

 Stage 1 - Screening
 Based on info (form 1, 1A) supplied by investor
 Pre-feasibility report and conceptual plan - no guidelines or
requirements, thereby no need to address environmental
issues

 Stage 2 - Scoping
 No public participation in scoping process - local knowledge
about what environmental concerns should be investigated
is not given consideration
 Strict timeline – not a continuous process
 Biased in securing favorable Terms of Reference (TOR) for
investors
 Access to TOR limited
Loopholes and deficiencies E PT RI

 Stage 3 – Public consultation

 Unclear wording and definitions
• Can be avoided if regulatory agency feels it difficult to conduct it
owing to local situation
• local affected persons having plausible stake in impact of project
• Public consultation shall ordinarily have two components
• Other concerned persons having plausible stake shall submit
responses only in writing
• Hearing shall be conducted at the site or in its close proximity

 No quorum required for holding public consultation

 Huge list of exemptions for certain types of projects that cause deep
environmental impact without justification
• Weak wording that widens the scope of these exemptions

 Tight timeline: 45 days from the time requested by the investor

Loopholes and deficiencies E PT RI

 Limiting access to information

• Only summary EIA report made available, not the full EIA with
all TOR from the scoping process
• Confidential information need not be disclosed in summary EIA

 Publicity
• Use of internet as the main means
• No definition on how publicity should be carried out

 Erosion of constitution of panel conducting public hearing

• EIA 2006 mentions only District Magistrate and a representative
of SPCB
• EIA 1994 had District Collector, representatives of state dealing
with the project, reps from panchayats, senior citizens from the
area, reps of SPCB
Loopholes and deficiencies E PT RI

 Appraisal
 No public participation

 Arguments between regulatory authority and expert

committee made known only to investor and not to public

 Iron hand given to regulatory authority to make final decision

– Expert committee opinion can be disregarded

 Deemed Clearance: Incase decision is not given within the

prescribed timelines, applicant may proceed as though
clearance has been granted or denied
THANK
YOU
ACTIVITY

65
LAYOUT

6
 Land Details
Area Statement Comprehensive Land Use Analysis for EMC and
General Industrial Park
Land taken from Rev. Dept. 373.25
Total Extent
Land use Area in Ac. % of Area
Deduct Kothwal Cheruvu 33.50
Extent of land 373.24
Total Layout Area 339.75
Deduct Tank Area 33.5

Land Available 339.75

Plotted Area 197.19 58.50

Roads Area 63.92 19.04

Section Wise Area
Green and Open 33.98 10.13
EMC 277.20 area
Common Facilities 30.90 8.30
General Park Area 62.55
Utilities 13.76 4.03

Total Layout Area 339.75 Total Area 339.75 100.00

Number of Plots 123

6
TOPO MAP FOR PROPOSED PROJECT SITE

68
Latest Photographs of the site

6
Revised layout
Plan of EHP

70
 Land use comparison
S.No. Land use Area in Area in acres
acres (Old lay out)
(Revised)
1. Total area 339.75 339.75
2. Plotted area 188.98 197.19
(55.64 %) (58.04%)
3. Roads area 63.92 63.92
4. Green and open area 41.99 33.98
space area (12.35%) (10%)
5. Common Facilities 31.10 30.90
6 Utilities 13.76 13.76
7 No. Of plots (120) No. Of plots (123)

71
 PCPIR AREA
• Total Area: 640 sq.km (64000 hectares) – largest PCPIR in India
• Processing Area (41%): 270 sq.km (26,500 hectares)
• 6 SEZs within AP PCPIR – 7,325 hectares (Notified area - 4,128 Ha)

• Brandix SEZ • Pharma SEZ

(Textile & Apparel) Notified Area: 243 ha
• Notified: 405 ha • Developer: PPP
• Developer: Private • Andhra Pradesh SEZ
(Multi Product)
• Notified Area: 2226 Ac
• Developer: APIIC

• Hetero Drugs SEZ

• Kakinada SEZ (Pharmaceutical)
• Notified Area: 101 ha
(Multi Product) • Developer: Private
• Total Area: 4249 ha
• Notified Area: 1052 ha
• Developer: Private
• Parry’s Food
Products SEZ (101 Ha.)
 Immediate objectives of EIA

improve the environmental design of the proposal;

ensure that resources are used appropriately and

efficiently;

identify appropriate measures for mitigating the potential

impacts of the proposal; and

facilitate informed decision making, including setting the

environmental terms and conditions for implementing the
proposal.
73
 Long term objectives of EIA

protect human health and safety;

avoid irreversible changes and serious damage to the

environment;

safeguard valued resources, natural areas and

ecosystem components; and 

enhance the social aspects of the proposal.

74