CHAPTER 1

Explain the concept of Web Application Development

1
1.3 Uniform Resource Locator

2
 Learning Objectives
After completion of this lecture, you will be able
to:
 Define URL and it correct structure.
 Explain 3 types of protocol.
 Differentiate between domain name,
directory & file name in URL structure
 State at least 5 types of suffixes/extensions .

3
 UNIFORM RESOURCE LOCATOR (URL)

A Uniform Resource Locator (URL) is the

address of a document or other file accessible
on the Internet.

The information contained in a URL gives you

the ability to hop from web page to another
with just a click.

4
 UNIFORM RESOURCE LOCATOR (URL)

When you type a URL into your browser or click

a hypertext link, your browser send a request
to a remote computer, called a web server, to
download one or more files.

Every URL is unique, identifying one specific file

5
 URL STRUCTURE
A Uniform Resource Locator (URL) structure
contains:
Protocol://domain name/directory/file name

6
 Protocol
• Tells the browser what kind of resources it is accessing and allows
different machines or programs to communicate.

• Example:
– http: Hypertext transfer protocol
: Used to transfer pages on the web
– ftp : File transfer protocol
: Usually this is used if you want your users to be able to
download or copy a file to their computers
– mailto : Used to start a mail program
7
 HTTP
• HTTP: hypertext transfer protocol
– The network protocol of the web
– The rules governing the conversation between a Web client and
a Web server for transfer various data format:
• Plaintext
• Hypertext
• Images
• Video
• Sound
• Query result
– Usually, HTTP takes place through TCP/IP sockets.
– The well-known TCP port for HTTP server is port 80.

8
 Domain Name
Second part of the URL

Also known as server name

It specifies the physical location of the file or information

sources/ stored

Substitutes for the numeric IP address; an alphabetic name.

9
 Suffixes / Extensions
A suffix (also called as an extension) which indicates the types
and location of the server.

Example of extensions (servers) Example of extensions

.edu : Educational site (Country Code)
.com : Commercial site or business .my : Malaysia
.gov : Government site .sg : Singapore
.org : Nonprofit organization .uk : United Kingdom
.mil: military site .ca: California
.net : Usually an ISP .au : Australia
(Internet Service Provider) .
10
 Directory
• A directory tells the computer specifically
where to look for the requested information
on the server.

11
 Filename
• A filename tells which specific document or
program should be retrieved from the
directory.

12