EDUCATION

MEANING AND IMPORTANCE

EDUCATION IN SOCIETY: FORMAL AND
NONFORMAL EDUCATION
• AN AMERICAN WRITER AND FUTURIST ALVIN TOFFLER IS POPULARLY QUOTED
FOR HAVING SAID, “THE ILLITERATE OF THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY WILL
NOT BE THOSE WHO CANNOT READ AND WRITE, BUT THOSE WHO CANNOT
LEARN, UNLEARN, AND RELEARN.”
• EDUCATION IS A SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS THAT FORMALLY REALIZED MEMBERS
OF SOCIETY. REMAINS A VERY IMPORTANT SUPPORT PILLAR IN SOCIETY.
• IT ALSO REFERS TO THE PROCESS TO WHICH SKILLS, KNOWLEDGE, AND
VALUES ARE TRANSMITTED FROM THE TEACHER TO THE LEARNERS.
• FORMAL EDUCATION – IS BASED IN THE
CLASSROOM AND PROVIDED BY TRAINED
TEACHING AND NONTEACHING PERSONNEL.
• IT HAS AN APPROVED CURRICULUM, WHICH
INCLUDE THE COURSE ONLINE, PRESCRIBED
NUMBER OF SESSIONS TO FINISH THE
LESSONS AND AUTHENTIC ASSESSMENTS
AND OUTPUTS.
• NONFORMAL EDUCATION- IS AN ORGANIZED
EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITY THAT TAKES PLACE OUTSIDE A
FORMAL SETUP.
• IT IS USUALLY FLEXIBLE, LEARNER-CENTERED,
CONTEXTUALIZED, AND USES A PARTICIPATORY APPROACH.
• AN EXAMPLE OF A NONFORMAL EDUCATION PROGRAM IS
ADULT AT NIGHT SCHOOL FOR THOSE WHO ARE ALREADY
WORKING BUT HAVE NOT FINISHED THEIR BASIC
EDUCATION. ANOTHER IS OUT-OF-SCHOOL YOUTH WHO MAY
BE TOO OLD TO GO BACK TO THE FORMAL EDUCATION SET
UP THEY HAVE LEFT.
 FUNCTIONS OF EDUCATION
FUNCTIONS DESCRIPTIONS REINFORCED BY

TRANSMISSION OF CULTURAL COMMUNICATION AND HONING FAMILY

HERITAGE KNOWLEDGE,

LANGUAGE,SCIENCE

SELECTION OF SOCIAL ROLES PROVIDES NEW EXPERIENCE AND RELIGION

OFFERS

INTEGRATION AND FUNCTIONS AS A SOCIAL STATE/GOVERNMENT/RELIGION

MAINSTREAMING OF CONTROL MECHANISM THAT

SUBCULTURE IDENTITIES BRINGS RECALCITRANT

MEMBERS TO THE FOLD

 MASLOW’S LIST OF SELF-ACTUALIZED
PEOPLE

• ACCEPTANCE AND REALISM

• PROBLEM-CENTERING
• SPONTANEITY
• AUTONOMY AND SOLITUDE
• CONTINUED AND FRESHNESS OF APPRECIATION
 ACCEPTANCE AND REALISM

•SELF- ACTUALIZED PEOPLE HAVE

REALISTIC PERCEPTIONS OF
THEMSELVES, OTHERS, AND THE
WORLD AROUND THEM.
 PROBLEM-CENTERING

• SELF- ACTUALIZED INDIVIDUALS ARE CONCERNED

WITH SOLVING PROBLEMS OUTSIDE OF THEMSELVES,
INCLUDING HELPING OTHERS AND FINDING
SOLUTIONS TO PROBLEMS IN THE EXTERNAL WORLD.
THESE PEOPLE ARE OFTEN MOTIVATED BY A SENSE
OF PERSONAL RESPONSIBILITY AND ETHICS.
 SPONTANEITY

• SELF-ACTUALIZED PEOPLE ARE SPONTANEOUS IN

THEIR INTERNAL THOUGHTS AND OUTWARD
BEHAVIOR. WHILE THEY CAN CONFORM TO
RULES AND SOCIAL EXPECTATIONS, THEY COULD
ALSO TEND TO BE OPEN AND UNCONVENTIONAL.
 AUTONOMY AND SOLITUDE

• ANOTHER CHARACTERISTICS OF SELF-

ACTUALIZED PEOPLE IS THE NEE D FOR
INDEPENDENCE AND PRIVACY. WHILE THEY
ENJOY THE COMPANY OF OTHERS, THESE
INDIVIDUALS NEED TIME TO FOCUS ON
DEVELOPING THEIR OWN INDIVIDUALS
POTENTIAL.
 CONTINUED AND FRESHNESS OF APPRECIATION

• SELF- ACTUALIZED PEOPLE TEND TO VIEW

THE WORLD WITH A CONTINUAL SENSE OF
APPRECIATION, WONDER, AND AWE. EVEN
SIMPLE EXPERIENCES CONTINUE TO BE A
SOURCE OF INSPIRATION AND PLEASURE.
 PRIMARY EDUCATION AS A HUMAN RIGHT
• THE UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS STATES
THAT EVERYONE HAS THE RIGHT TO EDUCATION.
• FREE AND COMPULSORY AT LEAST IN THE PRIMARY LEVEL
• HIGHER EDUCATION SHOULD BE MADE AVAILABLE ON
BASIS OF MERIT.
• TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONAL SHOULD ALSO BE GENERALLY
AVAILABLE
• THE UNESCO HAS ALSO LAID DOWN THE PREMISE THAT
EDUCATION IS A FUNDAMENTAL HUMAN RIGHT
 HERE IS THE STATE OF UNESCO:
EDUCATION IS A FUNDAMENTAL HUMAN RIGHT AND ESSENTIAL FOR THE EXERCISE OF ALL
OTHER HUMAN RIGHTS. IT PROMOTES INDIVIDUAL FREEDOM AND EMPOWERMENT AND YIELDS
IMPORTANT DEVELOPMENT BENEFITS. YET MILLIONS OF CHILDREN AND ADULTS REMAINED
DEPRIVED OF EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES, MANY AS A RESULT OF POVERTY.
NORMATIVE INSTRUMENTS OF THE UNITED NATIONS AND UNESCO LAY DOWN INTERNATIONAL
LEGAL OBLIGATIONS FOR THE RIGHT TO EDUCATION. THESE INSTRUMENTS PROMOTE AND
DEVELOP THE RIGHT OF EVERY PERSON TO ENJOY ACCESS TO EDUCATION OF GOOD QUALITY,
WITHOUT DISCRIMINATION OR EXCLUSION. THESE INSTRUMENTS BEAR WITNESS TO THE GREAT
IMPORTANCE MEMBER STATES AND THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY ATTACH TO NORMATIVE
ACTION FOR REALIZING THE RIGHT EDUCATION. IT IS FOR GOVERNMENTS TO FULFILL THEIR
OBLIGATIONS BOTH LEGAL AND POLITICAL IN REGARD TO PROVIDING EDUCATION FOR ALL OF
GOOD QUALITY AND TO IMPLEMENT AND MONITOR MORE EFFECTIVELY EDUCATION STRATEGIES.
EDUCATION IS A POWERFUL TOOL BY WHICH ECONOMICALLY AND SOCIALLY MARGINALIZED
ADULTS AND CHILDREN CAN LIFT THEMSELVES OUT OF PROPERTY AND PARTICIPATE FULLY AS
CITIZENS.