OFDM and its wireless

applications
WHAT IS OFDM ?

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing

is a digital multicarrier Frequency Division
multiplexing or modulation scheme for high
speed communication.
 . In
this multiplexing technique a large number of
closely
spaced orthogonal subcarriers are used to carry
data

The data from the source is divided into several

parallel data streams or channels so that the data rate
for each stream reduces but the total data rate remains
the same.
What is the need for
OFDM ?
Single Carrier Modulation System:

A single carrier
Modulation System
The major modulated
disadvantage of information onto single
carrier using variation in
single carrier either amplitude,
frequency or phase.
system is the
Since data rates
inefficient use of of current systems tend to
be very high, the duration
bandwidth !!!! of one bit or symbol( group
of bits) becomes very
The system becomes small increasing the
more susceptible to loss of information bandwidth.
through
impulse noise, signal reflection,
frequency
interference and other impairments.
 Different
Frequency Division
modulationMultiplexing
schemes can be
used for each dataFrequency Division
Multiplexing extends the
and is the concept of single carrier
modulation by using
advantage of multiple
subcarrier within same
frequency single channel
division
multiplexing over
The total data rate is
divided between various
single carriersubcarrier. The data is not
needed to be divided evenly
modulation nor they have to originate
from the same information
source.
 The
So there is a disadvantage of
need of Frequency
FDM system multiplexing Division
requires guard technique that Multiplexing is
This guard band
band between removes the use overcome by
reduces the
two modulated of guard band using the
effective
carries so the and allows the concept of
information rate
spectrum of one signal spectrum orthogonality of
wasting a large
carrier do not to mix with each signals and that
amount of
interfere with other even then develops
bandwidth.
the spectrum of the signal can Orthogonal
another. be properly Frequency
recovered at the Division
receiver. Multiplexing(OF
DM)
MULTIPLEXING
OFDM TRANSMITTER

IFFT treats the input

as frequency domain
component
and converts it into
time domain
component.
OFDM RECEIVER

At the receiver
side the signal is amplified,
demodulated and then
converted to digital form but the
signal is in mixed
form which is then given to FFT
blockwhich then
converts the input signal into
frequency domain.
COMPLETE OFDM REPRESENTATION
APPLICATIONS
APPLICATION
IN 4G
The flow of
generation
from
generation to
generation
is as shown
1) LTE – ADVANCED uses OFDM and is expected
to provide 1Gbps speed to low mobile application an
100Mbps speed to high mobile application also
known as UMTS

2) Wimax family of IEEE 802.16m a Mobile Internet

system uses OFDM is expected to provide 1Gbps to
low mobile and 100Mbps to high mobile application

3) Flash OFDM cellular system uses OFDM to

provide extremely high speed for high mobile
application
5) Wi-Fi a form of Mobile Internet in 4G standards
uses OFDM to provide speed ranging from 300Mbps
to 600 Mbp
Monika Singh