LESSON 4: UTILITARIANISM

Jeremy Bentham is known as the

founder of utilitarianism
Utilitarianim sometimes
called consequentialism,
focuses on the effect of a
particular end or telos called
happiness.
“The end does justify the means.”

Greatest good for the

greatest number of
people.
LESSON 5: JUSTICE AND FAIRNESS:
PROMOTING THE COMMON GOOD

John Rawls is one of the important political

philosophers during the 20th century.

Rawls proposes justice as

fairness as an ethical
framework.
* Justice is fairness.
* Fairness refers not to quality but
as equity.
* Equity as the preferential treatment.
* Justice should be retributive and
distributive.
* Retributive means the gravity of the
punishment should be tantamount to
the crime committed.

•Distributive means the

apportionment of rights and duties.
* Justice – equality + fairness
* Equity means impartiality.
* Maxim Principle:
- unequal treatment is only allowed if and only if it improves the worst of the preferential treatment
- only for the benefits but for
Rights.
Do you have any questions?
THANK YOU!