N

W E
CHINESE S
CULTURE

GROUP 3
INHABITED TOPOGRAPHY
 INHABITED TOPOGRAPHY
• Vast Land with much favorable conditions for developing
industries and agriculture.
• sovereign state located in the East Asia
• world’s most populous country.
(WHY?)
• oldest in recorded human history
(WHY?)
 RESIDENCE
• It is not your visa but your residence permit that gives
you the right to live in china. Upon arrival in china, you have
30 days to obtain your residence permit.

• TYPES OF RESIDENCE PERMIT

Permanent residence permit
Temporary residence permit
Foreigner residence permit
 COMMUNICATION
• Mandarin is the most common (70% of Chinese), which is the official
language in the People’s Republic of China and Taiwan
• Cantonese and others are common in the provinces/regions.
STYLES OF COMMUNICATION:
 Verbal
Non-verbal
Gestures
Touching
Space
 FAMILY ROLE
• Traditionally, family structure is rigid and hierarchical
• elders receiving the largest degree of reverence, respect and obedience
• Each family member has a specific form of address for older and younger
brothers, sisters, aunts, uncles etc., on both maternal and paternal sides
• men are considered superior in traits which defines the position of women in
the society.
 FAMILY ROLE
• Rigid
• Hierarchical
• Key component within Chinese society
• Tied to honoring’s one parent’s or ancestor
• To remain in or close to their hometown or living generations
of a family living under the same roof
 FAMILY ROLE
“FIVE RELATIONSHIPS” espoused by Confucius

1. _____________________
2. _____________________
3. _____________________
4. _____________________
5. _____________________
 FAMILY ROLE
• Elders
 Receiving the largest degree of reverence, respect and
obedience
• Men
 Considered superior in traits which defines the position of
women in the society
• Each family member has a specific form of address
FAMILY ROLE
 FAMILY IN CHINA
• Family has long been a key component within Chinese
society, and many aspects of Chinese life can be tied to
honoring one’s parents or ancestors.
• In fact, the majority of the “five relationships” espoused by
Confucius were directly centered on the family.
• Due to this focus on the family, it was common for the
Chinese, even when fully grown with children of their own,
to not only remain in or close to their hometown, but also
have many, if not all, living generations of a family living
under the same roof.
 FAMILY
STRUCTURE
The Chinese family structure has traditionally been rigid
and hierarchical, with elders still receiving the largest
degree of reverence, respect and obedience, a practice
that has continued into the modern age.
 PATRIARCHAL AND
PATRILINEAL SETUP
• Chinese culture operates based upon both patrilineal
and patriarchal design.
• Patrilineal means that the family lineage runs through
the male in the family.
• Family membership is inherited through the father.
• Patriarchal means that the families are typically run by
the male members within it.
 EDUCATION
• Largest Education System in he world divided into three
categories:
• Basic
• Higher
• Adult Education
• Compulsory Education took effect I 1986 made
requirements & deadlines for the public to receive a free
education.
 WORKFORCE
• Respect & Authority.
• Top down & one way communication where management feedback is
infrequent.
• Large population opportune cheaper labor cost for any type of production.
 BIO-CULTURAL
ECOLOGY
• Chinese have:
• Black Hair
• Pale Yellowish Skin
• Slanted Eyes
• Flat or Round Face
• More comfortable in squatting & crouching.
 HIGH RISK BEHAVIOR
• Alcoholism and drug abuse had been a major health concern.
•  Participants were asked whether they had ever used illicit drugs,
• including heroin, marijuana, opium etc.
•  Smoking is also a high-risk behaviour for many Chinese men
and
• teenagers, and also children.
•  Most WOMEN do not smoke.
•  The numbers for Chinese women who smoke are increasing,
especially
• after immigrating to the United States.
 NUTRITION
• Daily meal consists of four food groups: grain,
vegetables, fruit and meat of which cooking is not
deep fried or overcooked to be just with the right
freshness and tenderness.
• Yin Yang foods (hot and cold) represents a Chinese
belief on balancing between “Yin” as the negative
energy from mild and cooling foods , normally
consumed in warm climate in Southern China and
“Yang” as th positive energy from hot and spicy foods
for the cold damp weather of the Northern.
 PREGNANCY & CHILD BEARING
• One child policy has been enforced where baby boys are
preferred for they will pass on their blood line resulting often
to baby girls being aborted or even killed after birth.
• FERTILITY PRACTICES:
• Increase blood flow to your reproductive organs
• Get your hormones into balance
• Improve emotional health
• Avoid dampness
• Chart your cycle
• Make sure your body is receptive to conception
• Don’t obsess
 SPIRITUALITY
I.CONFUCIANISM
Confucianism is China's most influential
academic and ideological school in ancient
time. As the first representative of Chinese
inherent value system
Confucians fundamentally maintain the
principle of getting close to man who
deserves to be closed up and respecting the
man who are respectable to uphold their
basic idea
 SPIRITUALITY
I.CONFUCIANISM
• Teachings of the Chinese philosopher:
Confucius

• Meng-Tzu (Mencius)

• Official ideology of China since Han

Dynasty

• Humanism
 SPIRITUALITY
I.CONFUCIANISM
5 VIRTUES OF CONFUSCIANISM
• Li for ritual etiquette, manners, gravity
• Ren stands for Kindness to the fellow man
• Xin stands for truthfulness, faithfulness
and sincerity
• Yi for righteousness or honesty, generosity
of soul
• Xiao for filial piety, for strong family
values
 SPIRITUALITY
I.CONFUCIANISM
• Five Constant Virtues (Wu Chang)

• Value the importance of the family

and filial piety

• Respect of seniority and hard work

• Doctrine of the Golden Mean

 SPIRITUALITY
II. CHINA TAOISM
Derived from the Tenet of Taoism
Lao Zi & Zhuang Zi
Great Saints of Taoism
Presented humankinds the most fruitful & effective
solutions to many spiritual & social problems.
 SPIRITUALITY

• To establish harmony with Tao

• Originating in 6th Centrury BCE China

• WU WEI

• Yield to the natural way of things

 SPIRITUALITY

3 JEWELS OF TAO
• Compassion
• Moderation
• Humility
SPIRITUALITY
 SPIRITUALITY
III.BUDDHISM
Buddhism came into China from ancient India. Because of the difference of
the entrance time, routes, areas, ethnic cultures as well as social and
historical background, Chinese Buddhism formed three vivid branches:
Han Buddhism : Buddhism spread to area of Han Nationality was called
Han Buddhism.Han Buddhism was sent out to Korea, Japan and Vietnam.
Tibetan Buddhism: also called Vajrayana
Buddhism, traditionally considered as the
original body of Buddhist religious doctrine and
institutions.
Theravada Buddhism: is another import
 SPIRITUALITY

• Buddha
• Spiritual development leading to Insight into the
true nature of reality
• A path which ultimately culminates in
Enlightenment or Buddhahood
• Bed of lotus flowers
• Meditation
 DEATH RITUALS
• a number of beliefs and practices have guided this ritual until
this age such as:
• Elaborate funeral preparations
• Home is covered with red paper and all mirrors are removed
from sight so thatno one sees the coffin in the mirror which is
believed to cause another death inthe family.
• Incense lighting throughout the funeral
• Customary wailing, the larger the fortune, the louder the
wailing.
• Interment locations determined by the guidance of feng shui
 CHINESE DEATH
RITUALS

If a person has died a bachelor or bachelorette, no respect is paid to

them
as they are not considered an elder, nor do they have children to
prepare
their funeral for them. They are left at the funeral home and not
brought
home for a typical Chinese death ritual. The same is true for children.
The
 HEALTHCARE
PRACTICES
traditional medicine - restore body
balance
• Acupuncture
• Acupressure
• massage
• medicinal herbs
 HEALTHCARE
PRACTITIONERS

• traditional and modern practitioners are

still guided with holistic approach
• that warrants to restore the body balance
where herbs play a major part.
 End

THANK YOU FOR LISTENING

 REFERENCES

• Cheung, R., Nelson, W., Advincula, L., Young Cureton, V., & Canham, D. L. (2005).
Understanding the culture of Chinese children and families.
• The Journal of School Nursing: The Official Publication of the National Association of
School Nurses, 21(1), 3–9.

• Ikels, C. (1991). Aging and disability in China: cultural issues in measurement and
interpretation. Social Science & Medicine (1982), 32(6), 649–665.

• Lin, T.-Y. (1983). Psychiatry and Chinese Culture. Western Journal of Medicine, 139(6),
862–867.
Zimmermann, K. A., 11, L. S. C. | D., & ET, 2017 08:38pm. (n.d.). Chinese Culture:
Customs & Traditions of China. Retrieved August 26, 2018, from https
://www.livescience.com/28823-chinese-culture.html