Energy Sources and Environmental

Pollution
• Energy is vital for growth and development. Revolution in
the production was possible due to extraction of energy.
Power could be considered an important factor of
production.
 Energy Sources:
OIL, Gas, Coal, Uranium
In a global scale Oil is number one producer of energy.

Saudi-Arabia has the highest reserve of Oil and produces about

22.0% of Oil followed by Iran and Iraq producing 11.4% and
9.5% respectively.

There is a demand of about 95 million barrel of Oil in a global

scale .
Energy Sources:
• U.S.A is the major extractor of Coal followed by Russia and
China.

• Global Coal price is also going up. The countries like China and
India is going to be shifted their position from net exporters to
become importers of Coal soon.

• Russia is the major distributor of Gas. Iran and Qatar also have
a substantial reserve of Gas.

• About 36.0% of global Uranium is deposited in Australia alone.

• About 2,326 million tons of energy is consumed by U.S.A alone.

• Share of total energy supply constitute nearly 41% Oil, 22.1%

Gas and 23.5% Coal .

• Main source of energy supply of France is Nuclear power.

 Deforestation
• The amount of forest – land has decreased from 1.9 billion hectare to
1.7billion hectare in the tropical regions of the world. It has declined by
1 percent in the world (by 2 percent in Bangladesh) during 1990s.

• The most obvious environment impacts are the disappearance of forests,

soil erosion or desertification.

• The less obvious environmental impacts include the rise in carbon

dioxide in the atmosphere, the global decline of fish catches, and the
pollution of land and water bodies with industrial wastes.

• Each year, 5-7 million hectares of agricultural lands are lost due to
accelerating land degradation and rapid urbanization, particularly in the
developing countries.
 Greenhouse Effect
The greenhouse effect is caused by an
atmosphere containing gases that absorb and
emit infrared radiation.

Greenhouse gases trap heat within the

surface-troposphere system, causing heating
at the surface of the planet or moon.

This mechanism is fundamentally different

from that of an actual greenhouse, which
works by isolating warm air inside the
structure so that heat is not lost by convection.

The greenhouse effect was discovered by

Joseph Fourier in 1824.
Global Warming

Reason:
Excessive emission of Carbon dioxide by burning Coal and Oil. 

Since the industrial revolution in Europe in 18th century,

production in the manufacturing sector has increased at the
staggering rate. Many industries use coal and oil, and emit
poisonous smoke. This pollutes air and water.

Some of the smokes return to land in the form of black gas-rain.

Carbon dioxide in the air has increased from 280 per 100,000,
before industrial revolution to 327 in 1972 to 370 in 2000.
 Global Warming: Effects on Earth
• Average façade temperature of the globe has augmented more than 1
degree Fahrenheit since 1900 and the speed of warming has been almost
three folds the century long average since 1970.
• Scientists all over the world are making predictions about the ill effects of
Global warming and connecting some of the events that have taken place in
the pat few decades as an alarm of global warming.
• The effect of global warming is increasing the average temperature of the
earth. A rise in earth’s temperatures can in turn root to other alterations in
the ecology, including an increasing sea level and modifying the quantity
and pattern of rainfall.
• These modifications may boost the occurrence and concentration of severe
climate events, such as floods, famines, heat waves, tornados, and
twisters. Other consequences may comprise of higher or lower agricultural
outputs.
• As an effect of global warming various new diseases have emerged lately.
• The global warming is extending the distribution of mosquitoes due to the
increase in humidity levels and their frequent growth in warmer atmosphere.
Effects of Global Warming:

• Melting Ice
• Rising sea level
• Evaporation of water
Renewable Energy:

Renewable energy is energy which comes from natural

resources such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, and geothermal
heat, which are renewable (naturally replenished).
In 2006, about 18% of global final energy consumption came
from renewable, with 13% coming from traditional biomass,
which is mainly used for heating, and 3% from hydroelectricity.

New renewable (small hydro, modern biomass, wind, solar,

geothermal, and biofuels) accounted for another 2.4% and are
growing very rapidly.

The share of renewable in electricity generation is around 18%,

with 15% of global electricity coming from hydroelectricity.
Renewable Energy Sources

• Wind power
• Hydropower
• Solar energy
• Biomass
• Bio-fuel
• Geothermal Energy