Pengolahan Gas Alam

Natural gas is processed in an extraction process

to remove the nonhydrocarcon compounds.

H2 S CO2
 Extraction Processes

Absorbtion Adsorption
 Absorption
• Absorption process is the process that use a
liquid. The liquid is dispersed the natural gas.
• The impurities react with the liquid, then the
natural gas be stripped from the liquid, while
the impurities remain in the liquid.
• The common absorbing liquids are water,
aqueous amine solution, and sodium
carbonate.
 Adsorption
• Adsorption is a process that accumulates the
natural gas on a certain surface of a solid or a
liquid in order remove impurities.
• The substance commonly used is carbon.
After all the impurities have been removed from
natural gas, the natural gas is transported to a
processing factory to separate the compound
such as ethane, methane for different uses.
Gasoline And Octane Number
• Gasoline is one of petroleum fractions that is
widely used in everyday life, especially as fuel
in internal-combustion engines.
• Gasoline is a mixture of hydrocarbon
compounds containing heptane, and octane.
• Heptane and octane must be in branch shape,
so that the combustion will be effective.
• The quality of gasoline can be determine
based on the number of knocking sound, and
it is represented by the octane number.
 Determine the octane number
Octane number = (%isooctane×100)+(%n-heptane×0)

Isooctane and n-heptane found in gasolin. the octane

number of isooctane is 100 and heptane is 0
• Bensin yang dihasilkan pengolahan minyak bumi
mempunyai bilangan oktane ≤ 60.
• Untuk meningkatkan bilangan oktan bensin
ditambahkan zat aditif yaitu tetraethyl lead.
• TEL merupakan cairan minyak tak bewarna dan
sangat beracun sebagai anti ketukan
• Selain TEL senyawa etilen bromida juga
ditambahkan agar oksida timbal yang terjadi karena
campuran TEL, tidak menempel.
• TEL dan ertilen bromida yang bercampur akan
menghasilkan timbal bromida yang mudah menguap
• TEL dan etilen bromida pada bensin dapat
mencemari udara
• Jadi zat aditif pada bensin diganti dengan
methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) yang dapat
mengurangi resiko pencemaran udara.
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