GLENOID FRACTURES

Indications for surgical fixation

• ~ 10% of all scapular fractures

• High-energy trauma

• Extra or intra-articular
• AP scapula view (Grashey view)
• Axillary view
• Scapula Y view
 AO CLASSIFICATION

• F0 = fracture of the articular

segment, not involving the
glenoid fossa

• F1 = simple glenoid fossa

fractures

• F2 = multi-fragmentary
glenoid fossa fractures.
Indicatiors for surgery-

• Glenopolar angle
• Lateral border offset (aka medialization)
• Angulation
Glenopolar angle (36° and 43°)
Lateral border offset
Extraarticular scapula fractures-

-Conserve if
• GPA > 20° 
• Displacement < 15–20 mm
• Angulation < 30°–45°

coexistence of a complete AC dislocation - sx

Glenoid fossa fractures -
• Instability
• Degree of displacement
• Articular surface fragment size
• Glenoid defect > 21%
• >10 mm of intra-articular displacement

Relative indications
• Anterior rim fractures involving > 25 %
• Posterior rim fractures > 33 %
• 4-5 mm of intra-articular displacement
Principles-
• anatomic articular reduction
• Proper alignment
• Stable internal fixation
- Arthroscopically assisted

• Posterior approach
• Anterior approach
• Superior approach (Rotator cuff interval)
• Acromial approach - transverse #
Large glenoid rim #

• Autologous bone grafting

• Coracoid transfers
-Complications

• Infection
• Heterotopic ossification
• Infraspinatus nerve palsy
• Plexus palsy
• Metal loosening
• Thank you