WHAT SHOULD GO INTO A

STUDENTS GRADE
The following are questions which
an instructor may want to answer
when choosing what will go into
students grade:
1. Should grades reflects absolute achievement
level or achievement relative to others in the
same class?

 Norm-referenced – a letter grade is received

by student based on standing in a class, the top
receive “A” and the next highest grade receives
“B” and so on.
 Criterion-referenced system- instructor sets a
standard where actual performance of students
is measured, all students attain the set standard
will receive the grade level regardless of how
many in the class received the same grade.
2. Should grades reflect achievement
only or non-academic components
such as attitude, speed, diligence?

3. Should grades report status achieved

or amount of growth?

4. How can several grades on diverse

skills combine to give a single mark?
8.5 Standardized Test Scoring
Standardized test are psychometric
instruments whose scoring system are
developed by norms.

Test standardization is a process by

which teacher or researcher made tests are
validated by item analyzed
8.6 Cumulative and Averaging
Systems of Grades
Averaging system – the grade of the student
on a particular grading equals the average of
the grades obtained in the prior grading
periods and the current grading period.

Cumulative system – the grade of the student

in a grading period equals his current grading
period grade which is assumed to have the
cumulative effects of the previous grading