ISSUES

ON

HUMAN
DEVELOPMENT
WHAT IS HUMAN DEVELOPMENT?
Human Development
is the pattern of
movement or change
that begins at
conception and
continues through
the life span

JHON SANTROCK (2002)

 INTRODUCTION
 Eachof us has his /her own way of looking at
our own and other people’s development.
 Theseparadigm of human development while
obviously lacking in scholastic vigor , provide
us with a conceptual framework for
understanding others and ourselves
 THREE ISSUES IN HUMAN
DEVELOPMENT

 Nature versus Nurture

 Continuity versus Discontinuity
 Stability versus Change
Nature versus Nurture
 The degree to which human behavior
is determined by
genetics/biology(nature) or learned
through interacting with the
environment(nurture)
Nature
 Behavior is caused by innate characteristics: The
physiological/biological characteristics we are
born with.
 Behavior is therefore determined by biology.
 Also a Determinist view- suggest all behavior is
determined by hereditary factors: Inherited
characteristics, or genetic make-up we are born
with.
 All possible behaviors are said to be present from
conception.
Nurture
 An individuals behavior is determined by the
environment-the things people teach them, the
things they observe, and because of different
situations they are in.
 Also a determinist view- proposes all human
behavior is the result of interactions with the
environment.
 Born an empty vessel-waiting to be filled up by
experiences gained from environmental
interaction
 Depends on quality of external influences and
NOT genes.
Continuity versus Discontinuity

 Concerns whether a
particular development
phenomenon represents a
smooth progression through
the lifespan (CONTINUITY)
a series of abrupt shifts
(discontinuity).
Stability versus Change

 The stability- change debate

describes the developmental
psychology discussion about
whether the personality traits that are
present in an individual at birth
remain constant or change
throughout the life span.
Ex: Studies of Children have
stability such as attachment to their
parents or in personality.
Change Theorists- argue that
personalities are modified by
interactions with family,
experiences at school and
acculturation
Ex: Does a natural talkative baby
remain that way for their entire
life?
*babies living in understaffed
orphanages often becomr cheerful
and affectionate when placed in
socially stimulating adoptive
homes.
KEY ISSUES IN HUMAN
DEVELOPMENT
 HEREDITY AND ENVIRONMENT
 Heredity-oriented theories assume an important
role of underlying biological structures. They
point out that specific genes may underlie
development and behavior.
 Environmental explanations focus on the
individuals experiences pertaining to thinking,
health and social factors.
How the First Nine Months
Shape the Rest of Your Life?
 Factors shape you as a baby and
continue to affect you up to this day:
 Nutrition received in the womb
 Pollutants

 Drugs

 Infections

 Mother’s health and state of mind

 
 Scientistsare exploring the
possibility that
intrauterine conditions
influence not only our
physical health but also our
intelligence, temperament
AND even our sanity
 Nowoman who is pregnant
today can escape hearing the
message what she does
affects her fetus.
The writer gave examples of the mother’s
behavior, emotions, food intake and even
pollution can affect the fetus. According to
scientists diabetes, cancer, and certain heart
condition may somehow be prevented of a
pregnant women takes care of the first month
of her pregnancy. Whatever happens inside as
during those 9 months can really have a great
impact on us.
RESEARCH ON FETAL ORIGINS IS PROMPTING
A REVOLUTIONARY SHIFT IN THINKING
ABOUT WHERE HUMAN QUALITIES CAME
FROM AND WHEN THEY BEGIN TO DEVELOP.
WE ARE THE WAY WE
ARE BECAUSE IT’S
IN OUR GENES!
 
WE TURN OUT THE WAY

WE DO BECAUSE OF OUR

CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCE!
 THANKS

FOR

LISTENING!!!!
Prepared by:

Rhea Gabayno
Carriel Ann Manago
(BSED-English 1)