PUMPING STATION DESIGN

LECTURE NiNE
Objectives of this lecture
 To describe the general parameters to be
considered during the design of Pumping
stations
 To mention types of water pumping stations
 To mention basic components of pumping
station
 To describe the intake design
 To design the rectangular in- take
Introduction
Important Parameters:
- Operational methods and technical issues
- Initial investment for the installation
- Operational costs
Operational Methods and Technical
Issues

 The safety and easy operation of a pumping

system must always be considered by a
designer
 The geographical situation of the pump
station
 An experienced designer usually starts a
particular design considering the socio-
economical
Initial investment for the installation

It is important parameters in making decisions

about type and arrangement of the mechanical,
electrical, and control systems.

At the beginning the designer must have a rough

estimate of the available resources.

In modern pump stations, almost all operations

are done automatically
 Operational Cost
 The operational cost of a station is
determined based on all other parameters
 After considering the initial investment,
personnel salaries, life of the station,
depreciation of the equipments, and the
energy consumption:
 designer could determine the cost of
pumping 1m3 of water from one specific
location to the desired destination.
Types of Water Pumping Station
 Source (such as a well) pump discharging
into an elevated tank
 Raw water pumping from a river or lake
 In-line booster pumping into an elevated
tank
 Distribution system booster without a
storage tank in the piping system
Basic Components
 Depending on the source and ultimate use
of the water, raw water pumping facilities
are generally a combination of only three
basic components:
• The raw water intake structure
• The pumping facilities
• The screening facilities, which may or may not
be required
Intake Design-Introduction
Pump performance is entirely dependent on
the quality of the effort expended to ensure
that adequate conditions exist at the pump
intake.
Regardless of the type of intake, care must be
exercised to avoid poor hydraulic
conditions at the impeller
The pump intake design must satisfy the
requirements for proper approach conditions by
avoiding the following:

• Poor velocity distribution at the entrance to

the pump
• Air entrainment in the pumped flow
• Inadequate NPSHA at the pump inlet,
especially at the most frequent operating
conditions
• Unstable approach conditions in multiple
pump operation
Inlet structure
 The intake structure should be designed to
allow pumps to achieve their optimum
hydraulic performance for all operating
condition

 A good design ensures that the adverse

flow phenomena described above are
within the limit.
Poor inlet conditions have a dramatic effect on
pump and system performance in several
ways, including:

 Pump cavitation and vibration that results

in costly and frequently repeated repairs

 Loss of pump capacity, head, efficiency, and

inability to achieve installation design
objectives
Types of intake structure

 Rectangular Intake
 Circular Pump Structure
 Trench-Type Intakes
 Unconfined Intakes
Rectangular Intake
 The minimum submergence (S) required
preventing strong air;
 Therefore S shall be calculated from
(Hecker, G.E 1987).

S  D(1  2.3FD )
V
FD 
gD
 it is necessary to increase the bay width to greater
than 2D to prevent velocities at the entrance to the
pump bay from exceeding 0.5m/s.
Example
Design Condition:
Station Q=0.2208m3/s=220.8l/s
Pump Q max=133l/s
Suction Bell Diameter=19inches (0.48m)
Design Sequences

1. Consider the flow patterns and boundary

geometry of the body of liquid from which
the pump station is to receive flow
2. Determine the number and size of pumps
required to satisfy the range of operating
conditions likely to be encountered.
3. Identify pump inlet bell diameter.
Design Sequences
4. Determine the bell-floor clearance. A good
preliminary design is 0.5D

5. Determine the required bell submergence,

using equation (i)

6. Determine the minimum allowable liquid

depth in the intake structure
Design Sequences
7) Check the bottom elevation near the entrance to
the structure and determine if it is necessary to
slope the floor upstream of the bay entrance.

8) Check the pump bay velocity for maximum

single-pump flow and minimum liquid with the
bay width set to 2D. If bay velocity exceeds
0.5m/s, then increase the bay width to reduce to
a maximum flow velocity of 0.5 m/s
Design Sequences
9. Determine the length of structure and
dividing walls, giving consideration to
minimum allowable distance to a slopping
floor, screening equipment, and length of
dividing walls.