Lecture Three:

Hydraulic Turbine

EI 376
19th March 2013
 REACTION TURBINE
• is one in which major portion of pressure
drop takes place in the rotating wheel

• As a consequence the water fills all the

runner passage completely

• the entire circumference of the reaction

turbine is in action, its rotor need no be as
large as that of an impulse wheel for the
same power.
 Reaction Turbine
• The first reaction turbine known is steam
turbine of Hero in Egypt about 120 B.C

• Rotating lawn sprinkler is an elementary

reaction turbine

• Examples of Reaction Turbine:

- Francis turbine
- Kaplan turbine
Parts of Francis Turbine
Kaplan Turbine Runner
Principles of Operation of
Hydraulic Turbines
 Power Available, Efficiency
• The power that can be developed by a
turbine is a function of the head and flow.

P  gQH

Where ‘n’ is the efficient and ‘Q’ is the discharge