IAEA TRS-398

Ganesan Ramanathan
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http://www-naweb.iaea.org/nahu/DMRP/codeofpractice.html
 Contents
• CODE OF PRACTICE FOR 60Co GAMMA RAY BEAMS

• CODE OF PRACTICE FOR HIGH ENERGY PHOTON BEAMS

• CODE OF PRACTICE FOR HIGH-ENERGY ELECTRON BEAMS

• CODE OF PRACTICE FOR LOW ENERGY KILOVOLTAGE X RAY BEAMS
• CODE OF PRACTICE FOR PROTON BEAMS
• CODE OF PRACTICE FOR HEAVY ION BEAMS
 TRS 398 Comments
Ratios expressed with a “,”
e.g. TPR20,10 = TPR20 / TPR10

60
Co is usually dropped when Q0 = 60Co
kQ,Q0 is written kQ

Italics for things that change (variables)

e.g. kQ but R50 (not really followed in TRS-398, most things are italic)

d is for depth (dmax is the depth of maximum dose)

D isisdose
TG-51 and Nequivalent,
the AAPM is a calibration
used in coefficient: both
North America. need
Similar butauses
subscript,
%dd(10)e.g.
x Dw, NK
as the beam quality. This is D10,dmax measured with 1 mm of Pb to fully intercept the beam.
TRS 398 Photons
TRS 398 Photons beam quality measurement
 Use of D20,10 (often from PDD) to calculate TPR20,10
TPR20,10 can also be obtained from the simple relation

TPR20,10 = 1.2661 PDD20,10 – 0.0595

where PDD20,10 is the ratio of the per cent depth doses at 20 and 10 cm depths
for a field size of 10 cm × 10 cm defined at the phantom surface with an SSD
of 100 cm. This empirical equation was obtained from a sample of almost 700
accelerators and has confirmed an earlier fit.

Alternatively, TPR20,10 can be estimated from a fit to the data for the
percentage depth dose at 10 cm depth, PDD(10), measured for a 10 cm × 10
cm field size at an SSD of 100 cm. For the data published in Ref. [81] one
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TRS 398 for Co-60

8
 Determination of absorbed dose under
reference conditions

Where,

DW is absorbed dose to water

M is the corrected charge from the ionization chamber

ND,W is the absorbed dose to water calibration factor given

by the standards laboratory (BARC) 9
 Cross-calibration of field ionization
chamber

Where,

Nfield D,W is absorbed dose to water calibration factor for field chamber

Mref is the corrected charge from the reference ionization chamber

Mfield is the corrected charge from the field ionization chamber

NrefD,W is the absorbed dose to water calibration factor given 10

by the standards laboratory (BARC)
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TRS-398 MV photons

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 TRS-398 recommendations – MV Photon Beams
Absolute dosimetry
Only thimble chambers allowed
Place centre of chamber at reference depth

Beam quality TPR20,10 or or D20,10

setup to centre of chamber (or shift for EPOM so long as
consistent at 10 cm and 20 cm)
Plane-parallel (PP) chamber also allowed

Relative dosimetry (eg PDD)

PP chambers recommended for PDDs
Shift thimble chamber to EPOM (= 0.6 r deeper than centre)
PP chambers EPOM and reference point = inside of front window
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 Determination of absorbed dose to water for MV photon beams
Dw,Q  M Q  N D , w,Q0  kQ ,Q0

( sw,air ) Q (Wair )Q pQ
M Q  M  kTP  kelec  k pol  k s kQ ,Q0 
( sw,air )Q0 (Wair ) Q 0 pQ0

MQ Dosimeter reading using beam quality Q, corrected to reference

values of influence quantities other than beam quality

N D , w,Q0 Calibration factor in terms of absorbed dose to water

Correction factor for the effects of the difference between the

kQ ,Q0 reference beam quality Q0 and the actual user quality Q (= kQ if 14
60
 Reference point

Radiation
Thimble Centre of volume

Plane-parallel Inside and centre of

front window

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Timer error calculation
Strontium-90 stability check
Strontium-90 stability check