Makhana Cultivation & Processing

PRANEJA ENVIROCARE & MANAGEMENT PVT. LTD.

27, Guru Sahay Lal Nagar, Magistrate Colony,
Ashiyana Nagar, Patna -800025
 MAKHANA
 Commonly known as Makhana, Gorgon nut Nutritional Content of raw and popped
makhana
or Foxnut
 Its cultivation is limited in South-East Asia Parameters Raw makhana Makhana Pop
content content
 In India, it is grown in West Bengal, Bihar,
Manipur, Tripura, Assam, Jammu & Kashmir, Carbohydrate 76.9 % 84.9%
Odisha, M.P., Rajasthan and U.P.
Protein 9.7% 9.5%
 Bihar accounts for more than 85 per cent of
the Makhana produced Fat 0.1% 0.5%
 Approximately, 80% of the total production
of processed Makhana comes from
Darbangha, Madhubani, Purnia and Katihar
district.
 Makhana is an organic, nutritional, crop with
a good source of carbohydrate, protein and
minerals.
 Makhana has been proven to have reach rich
in medicinal properties
 Makhana Cultivation
 Makhana cultivation can be done by both Pond or Field system
 Field system much beneficial than the pond
Parameter Pond Eco-System Field System
Water Requirement At least 4-6 feet Just 1 feet
Seed Requirement 80-90 kg/ha 20 kg/ha

Can be applied very easily

Fertilizers and manure Not possible due to high
before and after the
depth of standing water
transplantation

Long to very long (8-10 Short (4-5

Crop duration months) months)
Seed yield 1.8-2.0 t/ha 2.6-3.0 t/ha
Possibility of maximum no. of Two Three
crops in a year
Feasibility of harvesting Very tedious. It can be done Very simple. It can be done
only be trained labourers even by unskilled labourers
Limited scope because it
Scope of horizontal expansion would depend upon the Wide scope
of Makhana cultivation availability of
natural water bodies
 Harvesting / Processing of Makhana
 Pond or shallow water filed. It is
done in the month of August-
October
 Sun drying and Storage of seeds
for 2-3 hours to lose moisture up
to 31%
 Size grading into 5 to 7 grades

 Roasting and popping to get

Makhana pop or Lava.
 Polishing is done for more
whiteness and luster
 Grading into two gradesl- lawa
and thurri.
 Uses of Makhana
 It is normally used as dry fruits. Besides, it
is used in making Makhana Kheer and
other sweet dishes.
 Roasted akhana pop is used as a snack
item.
 Makhana powder is used for preparation
of Kheer.
 Makhana pop is used for making curries
like paneer makhana etc.
 In some parts of Manipur, the vegetative
parts of the plant are used for making
vegetables and leaf petiole is used as
salad.
 Used as starch in textile industry.
 The barn of Makhana (waste material) is
used as supplement for feeding poultry
and livestock. As it has protein and fats
result in higher growth rate.
 Market Potential
 The market of ready-to-eat snacks and Namkeens is estimated at more than Rs.50,000 crore
(2018) and market is poised to grow by USD 72.5 million during 2019-2023
 In India the estimated value of the production at farmers end is Rs 250 Crore and it generates
revenue of Rs 550 Crore at traders’ level.- National Research Centre, Darbhanga (ICAR).
 India’s exports of fox nuts grew at 11.2% annually from 2013 to 2017. In FY 2017-18, India
exported US$ 21.2 Mn worth of fox nuts to the world
 Therefore, there is a huge potential of marketing makhana as a ready to eat snacks in domestic
as well as international market.
 The product positioning should be done carefully to target defined customer segment and
promote it as a high value item
Driving factors for Makhana
●
Valuable snack food for diabetic and heart patient, so
its demand is expected to increase rapidly

●
Growing popularity of snack food category
●
Considered as a substitute for popcorn.

●
Global huge demand specially in Europe, USA, Japan and Australia.
●
Presence of a large number of untapped markets

●
Finally a good alternative for cash crops

●
Package of govt. of India to spend 10,000 crore on the promotion of
food processing industry with a focus on Makhana in Bihar
 Plan of Action Estimated capital investment for processing plant

 Formation of farmer’s Producers Sl. Capital investment Amount

No. (in
Organization” for Makhana Cultivation
Lakh)
 Promotion of Field system of Makhana FIXED COST
Cultivation
1 Land & building 40.00
 Capacity building of FPO on Makhana ( Approx 10,000
cultivation & harvesting Sq. ft.
 Formation of Makhana Processing cluster 2 Machineries & 50.00
Equipment
of local entrepreneur
Total 90.00
 Capacity building of clusters on Makhana
Processing (conversion from Gurri to Lava)
Working Capital ( for three months)
1. Manpower 10.5
 Induction of Makhana Processing machine
for post harvesting activities 2. Raw Material 375.0

3. Utility & Other 4.5
Establishing Makhana based food
Expenses
processing units at local level
Total 390.00
 Ensure market linkage of Lava as well as
Grand Total 480.00
Makhana processed items.