DAY 6

QUALITY
MANAGEMENT

Presented By
Ibrahim Mashaal . PMP

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Instructor in Brief

Ibrahim SH Mashaal (PMP),

Projects Manager & Agile Coach
With over 6 years’ experience in managing many teams, scheduling varying
sizes of complex software projects in multinational companies, and 11 years’
experience in Software Development field with sufficient domain knowledge.

Business Analysis |  E-Learning |  ERP  Consulting | Agile & TFS

Consulting
Mail: ibrahim.mashaal@tadafoq.com
Tel: (002)0100 7037 120 
Course Rules and Agreements

 No Recording.
 This Is Exam Preparation training not PMP detailed diploma
 We focusing on Project Management (as middle management) topics so some practices
may differs from Senior Managers, Functional and Operations Managers point of view.
 We committed to PMI terminologies and definitions as we can regardless there is any
alternatives carry same meaning.
 Keep Questions after topic finished or raise it on Questions Board to be answered on
time.
 Always we have only one communication channels and no side talking without
permissions.
 In Management there is no true and false it’s always depends and there is many
alternative ways but in Exam think as PMI think.
Course Schedule

Day Day Day Day

1 PMP Exam
2 Scope
3 Time
4
overview Management Management Cost
Management

PM
Framework

Day Day Day Day

5 Risk
6 Quality
7 Communication
8 Integration
Management Management Management Management

Procurement HR Stakeholder
Revision
Management Management Management
 Procurements Management Revision 1/2
1. The five elements of a contract are ________.
offer, acceptance, capacity, consideration, and legal purpose
2. Two forms of non-competitive procurement are called ________.
sole source, and single source
3. A non-legally binding document in which the buyer states they intend to hire the seller is called a
letter of intent
4. The three basic forms of contract are ________.
fixed price, cost reimbursable, and time and materials
5. The prime contractor can use sub-contractors. Since the sub is contracted to the Prime and not to
the buyer, the buyer has no contractual control over the sub. This is called ________.
privity
 Procurements Management Revision 2/2
6. The RFP is best used for a ________ contract while the IFB or RFB is best used for _____ contract
cost reimbursable , fixed price
7. A ________ invites all bidders to a Q&A session in which bidders can ask clarifying questions
regarding the buyers RFP.
bidder’s conference
8. A ________ establishes minimum criteria to eliminate non-qualified vendors
screening system
9. A ________ is usually implemented as a grid that lists all the proposal criteria and assigns a numeric
weight each of the criteria
weighting system
10. ________ closure always occurs before ________ closure when completing a project or project
phase
 Quality Management Glossary
1. Quality vs. grade 19. Histogram (Issue frequency)
12. Quality metrics
2. Quality Assurance 20. Check Sheet (aggregate
13. Rules, standards, and issues by category)
3. Quality Control guidelines
14. Quality checklists 21. Pareto Chart – 80-20 Role
4. Prevention over inspection.
5. Continuous improvement. 15. Cost of quality (COQ). 22. Control Chart , Special cause
 Conformance Cost – General cause, Role of 7
6. PDCA (plan-do-check-act) cycle observations, Internal &
 Non-Conformance Cost
External control limits ,Mean
7. Conformance value – upper , lower control
16.Process Governance
8. Cost-Benefit Analysis limits , upper , lower
17. Flow chart specifications
9. Benchmarking
 SIPOC model 23. Scattered diagram
10. Statistical sampling 18. Fish boon diagram –
 Attribute & variance sampling ishikawa – cause and effect
11. Out of control process
 Quality Management Processes

8.1 Plan Quality Management

8.2 Perform Quality Assurance
8.3 Control Quality
 Quality Management Concepts

Quality vs. Grade

Standards Compatibility such as with International Organization for Standardization (ISO) quality standards.

 Customer satisfaction. (to ensure the project produces what it was created to produce) and fitness for use

 Prevention over inspection. Quality should be planned, designed, and built into—not inspected into the project’s
management or the project’s deliverables. The cost of preventing mistakes is much less.

 Continuous improvement. The PDCA (plan-do-check-act) cycle is the basis for quality improvement as defined by
Shewhart and modified by Deming. In addition, quality improvement initiatives such as Total Quality Management (TQM),
Six Sigma, and Lean Six Sigma could improve the quality, Commonly used process improvement models include Malcolm
Baldrige, Organizational Project Management Maturity Model (OPM3®), and Capability Maturity Model Integrated (CMMI).

 Management Responsibility. Success requires the participation of all members of the project team

 Data is assessed by two measures:

 Accuracy: conformance to target values; correctness
 Precision: dispersion of the data; standard deviation
Cost of Quality (COQ)
 Seven Basic Quality Tools - 7QC Tools
 Cause & Effect Diagram - fish boon basic major spines of an Ishikawa diagram
consist of the 5M’s: • Methods, • Materials, • Machinery, • Manpower (People), • Mother Nature
(Environment)
 Seven Basic Quality Tools - 7QC Tools

Flowcharts
 Seven Basic Quality Tools - 7QC Tools

Checksheets
 Seven Basic Quality Tools - 7QC Tools

Pareto Chart – 80-20 role

Seven Basic Quality Tools - 7QC Tools

Histograms
 Seven Basic Quality Tools - 7QC Tools

Control Charts
Special cause
General cause,
Internal & External control
limits ,
Mean value – upper , lower
control limits
upper , lower specifications
 Seven Basic Quality Tools - 7QC Tools

Stability Analysis/Zone Test

 The Rule of Seven - seven consecutive data points on either side of the mean may indicate an
out-of-control situation
 • The Rule of Six - six consecutive data points or more, trending in an upward or downward
direction, may indicate an out-of-control situation
 • The Rule of Ten - essentially 10 data points represented as a saw-tooth pattern alternating
above and below the mean.
 • Rule of 1 - a data point above the UCL or below the
LCL
 • The rule of 2-out-of-3 - 2 of three consecutive data points
between +2 and +3 σ or -2 to -3 σ
 Seven Basic Quality Tools - 7QC Tools

Scatter Diagrams
(correlation between
dependent and
independent variable )
Does a change in X
(independent variable)
cause a change in Y
(dependent variable)?
Additional Quality Planning Tools Cont.
Loss Function was developed by Genichi Taguchi as a quality tool. It
establishes a financial measure of the user’s dissatisfaction with a product's
performance, as it deviates from a target value. Thus, both average
performance and variation are critical measures of quality.

Matrix Diagrams such as the House of Quality (HOQ) which is utilized in the
QFD(Quality Function Deployment) process was developed in the late 1960s
by Tokyo professors Mizuno and Akao. First utilized in the late 1960s at
Mitsubishi's Kobe shipyards, the process enabled the company that built
oceangoing oil tankers to reduce their production time from six months to
four months, thus increasing their yearly productivity by 50%.
 Additional Quality Planning Tools Cont.
The Kano Model was developed by Japanese social anthropologist Noriaki Kano
in the 1980s. It is a theory of product development and customer satisfaction by
focusing on product attributes that are perceived to be important to customers.
This supports product specification and discussion through better development
team understanding accomplished by focusing on differentiating the features of
the product: what satisfies the customer versus what delights the customer versus
what dissatisfies the customer.
• Marginal analysis is done from the point of view of the performing organization,
and weighs the benefits or revenues from improving quality versus the costs to
achieve quality.
Additional Quality Planning Tools

• The force field analysis (FFA) - a tool used to weigh the pros and cons of
a specific course of action. It is also used to evaluate current business
situations and obstacles to goal attainment.
The FFA views proactive and opposing forces working for or against the
idea or proposed plan, and is used as a decision making or a tactical tool.

• Nominal Group Technique is a form of brainstorming utilizing a voting

process to rank ideas in order of importance
Seven Quality Management and Control Tools
8.1 Plan Quality Management
 Plan Quality Management Outputs

Process Improvement Plan

 Process boundaries. Describe the purpose of the process, the start and end of
the process, its inputs.
 Process configuration. Provides a graphic depiction of processes, with
interfaces identified,
 Process metrics. Along with control limits, allows analysis of process efficiency.
 Targets for improved performance

Quality metrics are used in the perform quality assurance and control quality
processes. Some examples of quality metrics include on-time performance, cost
control, defect frequency, failure rate, availability, reliability, function points, mean
time between failure (MTBF), mean time to repair (MTTR), and test coverage.
8.2 Perform Quality Assurance
8.3 Control Quality
LET’S TAKE BREAK
Presented By
See you After break, and Nice to see you today Ibrahim Mashaal . PMP

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 Quality Management Revision 1/2
The amount of inventory carried in a __________ process is typically zero.

just in time

2. Six Sigma represents an accuracy of __________%

99.999%

3. Continuous, incremental improvement in a product or process is called __________ in Japan

kaizen

4. product that is not particularly attractive but meets your quality criteria for fitness for use can be described as
low _________, but high quality

Grade

 5. Data that you can perform mathematical computations is called _________, or _________,, whereas data that
describes a label or a pass/fail scenario is described as _________, or _________, data

variable , continuous, attribute, discrete

 Quality Management Revision 2/2
6. The five levels of the CMMI are in order; ____

Initial, Managed, Defined, Quantitatively managed, Optimized.

7. The ____ ____ is used to determine if the data in an SPC chart is out of control even though the data
points are within the control limits of the chart

zone test

8. A comparison of project activities against a known standard is called _____.

benchmarking

9. _____________ means that two events cannot occur in a single trial

Mutual exclusivity

10. The tool that is used to test multiple factors simultaneously is called _____________

design of experiments

11. A process that establishes a financial measure of the user dissatisfaction with a product's performance as
it deviates from a target value is described in Taguchi’s loss function
 Q
Q: The project team has collected a series of issues and
ranked them by frequency. This data will be a key input into your
process improvement plan. What specific tool or technique is used to
chart in this data? a. Ishikawa diagram
b. Pareto chart
c. Scatter diagram
d. Statistical sampling

Answer B
 Q
Q:The project stakeholders are somewhat concerned about the costs of delivering a quality
product. While they want to make sure that the customer receives a high quality product they want to
ascertain that the benefit of making certain quality improvements will actually translate into something
the customer will buy. The process of comparing the quality expense to potential return on investment is
called:

a. Quality ROI b. Process analysis

c. Monte Carlo analysis d. Marginal analysis

Answer D
 Q
Q:9 The usability of a product or a service by the
customer was something that was described by Dr. Joseph
Juran as:
a. Usability quotient
b. Quality trilogy
c. Customer use satisfaction index
d. Fitness for use?

Answer D
THANK YOU
Presented By
Hope this course Help you to the way you manage successful projects Ibrahim Mashaal . PMP

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