A

Seminar on
BIODIESEL
 CONTENT
• 1. Introduction 9.Conclusion

2. What is biodiesel?

• 3. Benefits of biodiesel

• 4. Environmental issues

• 5. Methods

• 6. Advantages

• 7. Disadvantages

• 8. The future of biodiesel

 INTRODUCTION

1. Biodiesel is the one of the best ways to reduce our

dependence on petroleum reserves is to develop renewable
fuels.
2. Biodiesel receiving international attention because of its
properties and compatibility.
3. Biodiesel can be operated in any diesel engine with little or
no impact to the fuel system.
4. Biodiesel can be used as pure fuel.
 WHAT IS BIODIESEL?

 Alternative fuel for diesel engines

 Made from vegetable oil or animal fat
 Lower emissions of gases, High flash point (>300F), Safer
 Biodegradable, Essentially non-toxic.
 Chemically, biodiesel molecules are mono-alkyl esters
produced usually from triglyceride esters

Vegetable oil Biodiesel

 BENEFITS OF BIODIESEL

High flash point (above +100)

Good lubricating property
Absence of sulfur and aromatic

hydrocarbons
Low toxicity of emissions
Virtually complete biodegradability (99%

biodiesel are destroyed in water or soil for

28 days)
 Zero balance of greenhouse gases
 ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES

 Burning fossil fuels increases atmospheric

levels of carbon dioxide
 Fossil fuels are a finite resource
 METHODS OF PRODUTION OF
BIODIESEL

1) Direct Use And Blending Method

2) Micro Emulsions
3) Thermal Cracking
4) Transesterfication
DIRECT USE AND BLENDING METHOD
 This is the simplest method.
 It contains 80% of petroleum heat content.
 It has readily available feed stock
 viscosity is to high
 Reactivity of unsaturated hydrocarbons.
 MICRO EMULATION
 Utilies alcohol solvents to reduce
viscosity.
 Causes carbon and lacquer deposits on
engine parts.
 THERMAL CRACKING

 In this method yields both biodiesel and

gasoline.
 Biodiesel produce similar to petroleum.
 TRANSESTERFICATION

 Widely used method.

 Used as continuous method
 More easily meets biodiesel fuel standards.
 Expensive alcohol catalyst.
 The following catalysts are used for this process:
1.Castor oil
2.Avocado plant (Americana)
3.Glycerol
4.Calcium Oxide and cow bone(soybean

biodiesel production)
5.Cao and eggshell catalyst
Caster oil Glycerol Avacado

soybean
 USE OF ALGAE FOR BIODIESEL PRODUTION

 The aim of to use microalgae for the high

production of biodiesel with minimum cost.
 For this cultivation of algae this method is
preferred..
 Algae also have great capacity to absorb CO2.
 It do not require arable land.
 The water used in algae cultivation can be fresh
water or saline water and salt concentration upto
twice that of can be used effictively.
 ADVANTAGES

 Cost: Less expensive than gasoline.

 Source material: Whereas oil is limited source, it
is manufactured from crop waste manure and
other by products.
 Renewability: More easily renewable.
 Security: Biofuel can be produced locally
common which decreases the nation’s
dependence upon the foreign energy due to that
countries can protect a integrity of their
 energy resources and make them safe from
outside influences .
 Lower carbon emmision.
 DISADVANTAGES
 Water use: more quantity of water required for
biofuel crops as well as to manufacture the fuel.
 Food shortage
 Food prices
 High initial cost
 Lower energy output.
 FUTURE OF BIODIESEL
 Should be considered for use as an alternative and not a primary fuel

 Short and long term environmental benefits will be worthwhile

 Storage Issues with Stability and Transportation issues with high

cost of delivered fuel compared to fossil fuels

 Fuel-supply reliability

 Lack of understanding of environmental impact - NOx emissions

 Complexity of biomass-power infrastructure compared to known

well established coal and natural gas markets
 CONCLUSION
 Biodiesel is eco-friendly.
 Biodiesel is clean burning alternative fuel.
 Biodiesel contain no petroleum, but can be
blended with conventional diesel fuel.
 These fuel can be used in any diesel engine
without any modification.
 Biodiesel is degradable , non toxic and free from
sulphur and lead.
THANK YOU