Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology

Seventh Edition
Elaine N. Marieb

Chapter 1
The Human Body:
The Language of
Anatomy
 The Human Body—An Orientation
Anatomy
• Study of the structure and shape of the body
and its parts

Physiology
• Study of how the body and its parts work or
function
Pathophysiology
• Study of functional changes associated with
disease and aging.

© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

 The Language of Anatomy

• Special terminology is used to prevent

misunderstanding
• Exact terms are used for:
•Position
•Direction
•Regions
•Structures
right © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings
• prone position - anatomical position is placed
face-down
• supine position- anatomical position is placed
face-up
• posterosuperior view combines the posterior
and superior
• B) anterosuperior
• SUPERFICIAL (External)
– Toward or at the
body surface.
• DEEP (internal) – Away from
the body
surface; more
internal
Body cavities (and organs found within
them):
• Dorsal
Cranial cavity
- within the rigid
skull, contains the
brain.
Spinal cavity
- which runs within
the bony vertebral
column, protects the
spinal cord.
 Body cavities (and organs found within
them):
• Ventral
– Thoracic cavity
• Pleural cavity
• Mediastinum
• Pericardial cavity
– Abdominopelvic cavity
• Abdominal cavity
- stomach
- intestines
- liver, etc.
• Pelvic cavity
Abdominopelvic quadrants (and organs found in each
region):

• Right upper
• Right lower
• Left upper
• Left lower
Nine abdominopelvic regions (and organs in
each regions):

• Right hypochondriac
• Epigastric
• Left hypochondriac
• Right lumbar
• Umbilical
• Left lumbar
• Right iliac (inguinal)
• Hypogastric
• Left iliac (inguinal)
• Use a marker to label the top and bottom of your orange.
• Draw a line around the orange which represents the
transverse plane. Label.
• Draw a line around the orange which represents the frontal or
coronal plane. Label.
• Draw a line around the orange which represents the sagittal
plane. Label.
• Draw your output on a short bond paper with a proper label.
• * Cut the orange in half along the transverse plane. Draw the
appearance of each orange section. Label. When finished, use
a toothpick to put the orange back together.
• Do the same procedure (*) for coronal and sagittal plane.