Major Md.

Soebur Rahman, PhD, PEng

Instructor Cl “B”
Dept of Civil Engg
MIST
Mirpur Cantonment
Mob 01769005576
Codes/Specifications for Design of
Composite Structures

 BNBC-2015
 AISC-2015
 ACI Code-2014
 Euro Code-04
 AS Codes
 IS
 Japanese Codes
 Egyptian House Building Research
Assignment 1
1. What is Composite material.
2. What is composite structure ? What are the advantages of
composite material ?
3. What are the types composite columns. Write down the
advantages and disadvantages of different types of composite
columns.?
 Determine if a 14 ft tall W10×45 steel section encased in a 24
in.×24in. concrete column with f′c = 5 ksi, is adequate to support a
dead load of 350 kips and a live load of 1050 kips in axial
compression. The concrete section has 8-#8 longitudinal
reinforcing bars and #4 transverse ties @ 12in. o/c., The column is
pinned at both ends and the load is applied directly to the
concrete encasement
0.411 < 2.25 Therefore use Eqn. I2-2 to solve Pn
Load Transferred Mechanism
Detailing Requirement
Longitudinal Reinforcement
Lateral Ties
Shear connection in composite columns
 Requirement of Shear Stud

Loads are only rarely introduced into the column via a header
plate which distributes them correctly between the steel and
concrete components.
Normally, the floor beams are attached directly to the steel
component of the column, so that part of the load must be
transferred into the other component (the reinforced concrete).
This necessitates provision of adequate transfer studs in a
transfer zone as described below
Longitudinal shear resistance
Shear transfer is achieved either by frictional or
adherence stresses between the contact surfaces, or
by mechanical shear connection which prevents any
significant slip between the steel and concrete.

When relying on friction and adherence it is clearly

necessary to avoid any painting of the steel surfaces.
These types of shear transfer may be sufficient when
the steel component is fully encased.
 Because the entire load in the column was applied
directly to the concrete, accommodations must be
made to transfer an appropriate portion of the axial
force to the steel column. This force is transferred as
a shear force at the interface between the two
materials.
Prob: Determine the number and spacing of 2-in.
diameter headed shear studs to transfer the axial
force.
Interaction of Axial Force and Flexure
 The interaction between axial forces and flexure in
composite members is governed by AISC
Specification Section I 5 which, for compact members,
permits the use of a strain compatibility method or
plastic stress distribution method, with the option to
use the interaction equations of Section H1.1.
The strain compatibility method is a generalized
approach that allows for the construction of an
interaction diagram based upon the same concepts
used for reinforced concrete design.
Application of the strain compatibility method is
required for irregular/nonsymmetrical sections, and
its general application may be found in reinforced
concrete design
 Plastic stress distribution methods are discussed
in AISC Specification Commentary Section I-5 which
provides three acceptable procedures for filled
members.
Method 1- This Method applicable to sections with non
compact or slender elements.
Method 2- involves the construction of a piecewise-
linear interaction curve using the plastic strength
equations provided in Figure I.1c located within the front
matter of the Chapter I Design Examples.
The third procedure, Method 2 – Simplified, is a
reduction of the piecewise-linear interaction curve that
allows for the use of less conservative interaction equations
than those presented in Chapter H.
 The plastic stress distribution method is based on the
assumption of linear strain across the cross section and elasto-
plastic behavior.
It assumes that the concrete has reached its crushing
strength in compression at a strain of 0.003 and a corresponding
stress (typically 0.85f′c) on a rectangular stress block, and that
the steel has exceeded its yield strain, taken as Fy/Es
Method 2: Interaction Curves from the Plastic Stress
Distribution Model
Stability of Structures
• In the design of columns, cross-sectional area
is selected such that
- allowable stress is not exceeded
P
   all
A
- deformation falls within specifications
PL
   spec
AE

• After these design calculations, may

discover that the column is unstable under
loading and that it suddenly becomes
sharply curved or buckles.

10 -
45
Extension of Euler’s Formula

10 -
46