It’s a girl!

“The average digital

birth of children
happens at about six
months.”

http://www.slashgear.com/babys-first-ipad-24121114/
http://sellyourstoryuk.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/Old-and-Young-Computer.jpg
3 biggest fears of a teacher
using technology
How do I make
this work?

How do I avoid
looking like an
idiot?

{They will know

more about this
than I do}
3 biggest fears of a student
using technology
 I showed my 12 year old son an
old floppy disk….

Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015

He said…
“Cool! You 3D printed the Save Icon!”
 Analogue Digital

Photo by Steve Wheeler

 Learning 2000

Disruptive Technology
http://www.sabotagetimes.com/life/a-vision-of-the-future-from-1910/
 Villemard
 “….we are

Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015

preparing
students for a
future we
cannot clearly
describe.”

- David Warlick
Photo by Steve Wheeler
 Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2014
Surface Learning

Strategic Learning

Deep Learning

Source: Marton and Saljo (1972)

 Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2014
Core Full Peripheral Transactional Passive
Group Member Participant Participant Observer

Adapted from: Karalis, T. (2010) Situated and transformative learning: exploring the
potential of critical reflection to enhance organizational knowledge, Development and
Learning in Organizations, Vol. 24 (1), 17 - 20
 Jack Merizow

‘Transformative

Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015

learning involves
experiencing a deep,
structural shift in the
basic premises of
thought, feelings, and
actions.’
(O’Sullivan, 2003)
http://www.halloffame.outreach.ou.edu/2003/Mezirow.html
 Perspective transformation
Psychological (changes in self concept)
Convictional changes (revision of belief systems)

Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015

Behavioural changes (changes in lifestyle)

Photo by Steve Wheeler

 Learning by Listening
Instructionism

Learning by Making Learning by Sharing

Constructionism Connectivism

Learning by Doing
Cognitive Constructivism Social

Wheeler, S. (2015) adapted from Brown, M. (2015)

Learning by listening

Photo by George Serdechny: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A_lecture_at_the_ITM.jpg

 Personal windows on the world

Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015

Social, Personal, Connected

Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015

Image source: http://www.jisc.ac.uk/sites/default/files/digital-student-expectations.jpg
 We learn by doing (Piaget, 1950)

Photo by Steve Wheeler

 We learn by making (Papert, 1960)
Photo by Steve Wheeler
https://www.flickr.com/photos/76966777@N07/10580002834/
Learning by making

Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015

Learning
using tech
User
generated
content
 Architecture of participation
Sharing and
Amplifying
Collaborating Curation

Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015

Tagging and Learning Aggregation
Bookmarking
2.0
User
generated
Voting content

Networking
http://web.media.mit.edu/~papert/

“I am convinced

Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2014

that the best
learning takes
place when the
learner takes
charge.”

– Seymour Papert
Source: http://www.masalatime.com

Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015

Source: http://www.masalatime.com

Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015

Photo by Steve Wheeler
 Tethered Mobile

Photo by Steve Wheeler

 The Future...?

• 1989: ‘The future is multi-media’

• 1999: ‘The future is the Web’
• 2009: ‘The future is smart mobile’

hof.povray.org
Isolated Connected
 Digital Cultural Capital –
Membership of ‘the Tribe’
“Where digital
communication has

Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015

fractured the tyranny of
distance, and computers
have become pervasive and
ubiquitous, identification
through digital mediation
has become the new
cultural capital”.

Wheeler (2009)
http://www.coreideas.com.au/
 Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015
Photo by Steve Wheeler

Personal Learning Networks

 Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015
Photo by Steve Wheeler

Personal Learning Networks

 Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015
Photo by Steve Wheeler

Personal Learning Networks

 Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2014
Photo by Steve Wheeler

Personal Learning Networks

 Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015
Photo by Steve Wheeler

Personal Learning Networks

Deleuze & Rhizomes
Guattari

Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015

‘Anarchy’ of the Web
 Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015
Photo by Steve Wheeler

Crowdsourcing knowledge:
Building your PLN
 #infotech
Photo by Steve Wheeler
Standardised Personalised

Vs
http://pro.corbis.com
We are family
 Wii are family!

http://wiifitnessdepot.com
Photo: Lori Cullen

Students taking notes

 …. as a library
…. as a street corner
…. as a broadcast channel
…. as amplification
 Adapted from: Csikszentmihalyi, 1991

High

Anxiety

Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015

el
nn
CHALLENGE

a
Ch
ow
Fl
Boredom
Low

Low SKILLS High

 Adapted from: Csikszentmihalyi (1991) and Killi (2009)

High

Anxiety

Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015

CHALLENGE

P2 P4

Boredom
Low

P1 P3

Low SKILLS High

 ZPD and scaffolding
Knowledgeable others Technology and tools

Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015

What I can
learn on my
own
What I can learn with help
(ZPD)

Beyond my reach
 Adapted from: Csikszentmihalyi (1991) and Killi (2009)

High

D )
Anxiety Z P
t (
n

Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2014

e
p m
e lo
CHALLENGE

v
De
al
xim
ro
f P
e o
n
Zo Boredom
Low

Low SKILLS High

 Computers as
‘mind tools’ for
the engaging of
learners in
critical thinking

http://thirdmonth.blogspot.co.uk
- David Jonassen
‘New’ learners are...
• more self-directed

Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015

• better equipped to capture information
• more reliant on feedback from peers
• more inclined to collaborate
• more oriented toward being their own
“nodes of production”.

Education Trends | Featured News

John K. Waters—13 December 2011

http://coolshots.blogspot.com/2007_02_01_archive.html
“Nearly all men
can stand
adversity, but if

Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015

you want to test a
man's character,
give him an
iPhone.”

- Abraham Lincoln
(on the ‘selfie’)
http://thesocietypages.org/cyborgology
 “60% of all
Internet pages
contain

Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015

misleading
information.”

- Thomas Edison

Learners need ‘digital literacies’

Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015
 Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015
“Lee Harvey and the Wailers”
(Lee Harvey did not jam alone)
http://www.myspace.com/hsu/photos/6850630
Learners will need new ‘literacies’

Steve Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2015

Social networking
• Privacy maintenance
• Identity management
• Creating content
• Organising content
• Reusing and repurposing
• Filtering and selecting
• Self presention
• Transliteracy
http://www.mopocket.com/
Learning 2.0 – Digital Literacies

Mastery

Literacies

Competencies

Skills

Graphic by Steve Wheeler (2013)

 Skills for Learning 2.0

Connotation

Complexity

Context

Connection

Graphic by Steve Wheeler (2013) Adapted from: Mark Federman (2012)

END