Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Sagar Sharma
Roll no. 15
 Introduction
 Hormones are the organic substances produced by
the endocrine glands, secreted into the blood
stream to control different activities.
 PTH is synthesized and secreted by the parathyroid
gland which lie posterior to the thyroid glands.
 It is the protein hormone .
 Major Functions of parathyroid hormone
Regulation of serum calcium
 It enhances the release of calcium from the

large reservoir contained in the bones.

 It enhances active reabsorption of calcium and

magnesium from distal tubules and the thick

ascending limb.
 It enhances the absorption of calcium in

the intestine by increasing the production of

activated vitamin D.
Regulation of serum phosphate

 PTH reduces the reabsorption

of phosphate from the proximal tubule of
the kidney.
 On the other hand it balances by uptake of
phosphate from the intestine and bones into the
blood.
Vitamin D synthesis
 PTH increases the activity of 1-α-

hydroxylase enzyme which helps to form

active form of vitamin D.
 Role of PTH in maintaining blood calcium
and phosphate
 when blood calcium levels drops , calcium-
sensing receptors in the parathyroid gland are
activated to release hormone into the blood.
 It  takes part in the control of calcium and
phosphate homeostasis, as well as bone
physiology.
 PTH increases intestinal calcium absorption
by activating vitamin D, and promotes calcium
uptake by the kidneys.
 It balance the phosphate regulation by reducing
its reabsorption from PCT and uptake from
intestine .
A simple flowchart to show role of PTH
 Clinical significance
 Hyperparathyroidism
 Hypoparathyroidism
 Pseudohypoparathyroidism
caused due to defect in PTH receptor.
 Sources
 www.wiki.answers.com
 www.wikipedia.org
 www.vivo.colostate.edu
 www.webmd.com
 Biochemistry 3rd edition
Thank you