* 6 Week industrial Training

Presentation
AT
400/220/132KV SUB-STATION,SULTANPUR

Mayank mishra
EE-final year
0906520016
 INTRODUCTION
ELECTRICAL SUB-STATIONS
Electric power is generated in Generating Stations. The voltage at which the
power is generated in generating stations lies between 11KV to 33KV. This voltage is
not suitable for bulk power transmission over long distances as it results in increased
transmission line losses.
For reduces these losses the generated terminal voltage is stepped up to
Transmission Voltage (Say, 132K.V./ 220 K.V. /400 K.V. and 765kv).
 Sultanpur UPPCL substion

Sultanpur UPPCL sub-station is completed during 1973-1974. This is a 400kv

substation in ASIA. The whole sub-station is divided in three parts 400kv,220kv and
132kv switchyard.For 132kv & 220kv swithyard a common control room is used and
for 400kv switchyard a separate control room used.
400kv switchyard
ICT-1st – Obra to 400kv sultanpur receive supply
ICT-2nd – Anpra to 400kv sultanpur receive supply
ICT-3rd – 400kv sultanpur to lucknow sending supply
220kv switchyard
NTPC Tanda to 220kv substation sultanpur
phulpur Allahabad to 220kv substation sultapur
132kv switchyard
220kv are reduced to 132kv by 40MVA transformer and give supply to the
Pratapgarh
MAIN EQUIPMENTS OF SUB STATION

Transformer :-
Substation bus (rigid or strain bus) :-
Switches (Vertical, side, center, double, etc. break):-
Switchgear :-
Bus Support Insulators :-
Suspension insulators :-
Wave Trapper:-
Lightning Arresters :-
Circuit Breakers :-
Isolators:-
Current transformers:-
Potential Transformers:-
Capacitors Bank:-
Other :-
 TRANSFORMER
 A transformer is a device that transfers electrical energy from one circuit to
another through inductively coupled conductor-the transformer coils. A varying current
in the first or primary winding creates a varying magnetic field through the secondary
winding. The varying magnetic field induces a varying electromotive force (EMF)or
voltage in the secondary winding . this effect is called mutual induction.The rating of
transformer is 240MVA which installed in 400kv switchyard which converted to 400kv
into 220kv.
 
 H.V bushing C.T

Conservator tank

Cooling
system
ONAN
L.V bushing CTs
 COOLING FANS

• We use cooling fans for forced

air cooling of transformer.
Total six fans are use for each
100MVA transformer and total
eight fan use for 240MVA
transformer. But all fans never
start at same time. It start in a
pair.
Fogging near transformer due to fire operation
protection system
 WAVE TAPPER
#Wave trap are used in power
system
for carrier communication.

#It trap the higher

frequency above 50Hz.

#It is the effort to utilize

the same transmission line
between two substation
for the purpose of
communications
 LIGHTHNING ARRESTOR

 The overvoltage protection is

obtained by the use
of lightning / surge arresters.
 Lightning Arresters or Surge Arresters
are always connected in Shunt to the
equipment to be protected, they
provide a low impedance path for
the surge current to the ground.
 Mostly in present days zinc oxide (ZnO)
gapless arresters are in use.
 Circuit Breaker
A circuit breaker is an automatically-operated electrical switch.
In Simple Words, A C.B is an equipment which can open/close
a circuit under all conditions i.e. no load, full load, fault
conditions.
 ISOLATOR

A disconnector or isolator switch is used to make sure that an

electrical circuit can be completely de-energized for service or maintenance
Earthing Switch Is Used To Discharge The Voltage On The Circuit To
Earth For Safety
High voltage electrical isolation switches are used to allow in electrical substation
. to allow the isolation of apparatus such as circuit breaker,transformer and
transmission line for maintenance.
 Current Transformers
A current transformer (CT) is used for the measurement of electric currents.
When current in a circuit is too high to directly apply to measuring
instruments, a current transformer produces a reduced current accurately proportional to
the current in the circuit, which can be connected to measuring and recording
instruments.
 CAPACITOR BANK
Capacitor banks can improve the power factor if the load is leading, which
is unusual. Typically in substations capacitor banks are employed to reduce
over voltage.
Shunt capacitor banks are used to improve the quality of the electrical supply and
the efficient operation of the power system and provide capacitive reactive
compensation and power factor correction.
 SHUNT REACTOR
#Shunt Reactor is a thyristor controlled high impedance transformer.

#A stable bus voltage can be maintained by providing variable reactive power

based on the bus voltage deviations due to the load variations#.
 CAPACITOR VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER
#A capacitor voltage transformer (CVT)
is a transformer used in power systems
to step-down extra high voltage signals
and provide low voltage signals either
for measurement or to operate a
protective relay.

#The device has at least four terminals,

a high-voltage terminal a ground terminal
and at least one set of secondary terminals.

#CVTs are typically single-phase devices

VIEW OF CONTROL PANEL
 EARTHING SYSTEM

Purpose of earthing……
Safety of the living beings around the vicinty of the substation
Proper functioning of the protection system under fault condition
To limit the touch and step potential within tolerable limits
 Thank
you