Roles in the IT Industry

Presented By
Paul Xavier
Branch Manager
APTECH LIMITED
Mahal
 POWER BRANDS

Confidential & Proprietary ▪ Copyright © 2009 Aptech Limited 2

Roles in the IT Industry

Roles in the IT Industry

 Different roles in the industry

• Programmer • Hardware & Network

• Web designer/developer Engineer
• Web Administrator • System Administrator
• Technical Writer • Network Administrator
• Content Developer • Messaging Administrator
• Technical Trainer • Security Administrator
• Software Tester • RIM Professional
• Database Administrator • Technical Support
• Customer Support
• MIS
Let’s now understand these roles in detail…
 PROGRAMMER

What does a programmer do?

 PROGRAMMER

•assist systems analysts and/or designers in researching

and documenting computer users' requirements

•analyse objectives and problems specified by analysts

and/or designers

•translate the solutions provided by systems designers into

detailed program specifications

•prepare documentation for other programmers, users of

the system and other support services workers

•undertake program design activities including

definition of data and error message arrangements
Personal attributes of a programmer
Personal Attributes of a Programmer

• technical aptitude.
• logical approach to the solution of
problems.
• able to work independently as well as
a team player.
• good communication skills.
• willing to continue to learn as
technology changes.
WEB DESIGNER

•talk to clients, and discuss ideas, to

obtain a clear perception of their
requirements.

•Develop/collate the website's content.

•decide on the design aspects of the

website, such as how many illustrations
it should contain.

•make sure the text and graphic

elements mesh together as a cohesive,
eye-catching work.
WEB ADMINISTRATOR

•create, maintain and improve websites.

•make the website as easy as possible to

navigate.

•set up and maintain web servers.

•make sure that links are live and efficient.

•analyse website user statistics.

•repair any problems that may occur.

•provide user support.

TECHNICAL WRITER

•Developing of technical
communication for high end
technology.

•Blend of technical skills along with

creative writing skills.

•Combine your interest in science

and technology.
CONTENT DEVELOPER

• Web content is the information you

read on a web site.

• It can include text, images and

interactive elements.

• Content development is the process of

gathering together, writing, editing,
optimising and adapting content
materials specifically for publication on
the web.
TECHNICAL TRAINER

• Delivering quality training on software

technologies through Instructor Led
Training (ILT) programs.

• Ownership of each training situation to

ensure students have a great experience
and walk away with the information
necessary to perform their role.

• Demonstrate mastery of course

curriculum and applicable product
concepts.

• Get certified on new courses according

to batch launch schedules.
SOFTWARE TESTER

• Testing involves operation of a system or

application under controlled conditions and
evaluating the results.

• The controlled conditions includes both normal

and abnormal conditions.

• Testing should intentionally attempt to make

things go wrong to determine if things happen
when they shouldn't or things don't happen
when they should. It is oriented to 'detection'.

• Testing is generally the combined

responsibility of one group or individual.
DATABASE ADMINISTRATOR

A database administrator ensures that

the databases being used provide the
users with flexibility in the

• management
• access
• retrieval
• sharing and configuration

of the large amounts of data held by

many systems.
Hardware & Network Engineer

If you like the following….

•Gadgets: Mobile Phones, other Electronic devices

•I.T: Want to build a career in this segment but programming does

not interest you

•Technology: Like technology, but have not been able to get into
degree course in Technology

•…then you should pursue a career in Hardware and

Networking i.e. Infrastructure Management Services (IMS)!

•A Hardware Engineer devises and undertakes a regular service

program including support of operating systems.

•He analyzes problems and implements solutions.

•He works with IT analysts and designers to detail the computer

hardware and peripherals required to run an IT system across
desktop, mid-range and/or mainframe environments.
Hardware & Network Engineer

Role of Hardware & Networking

•Computer Hardware and Networking is projected to
be one of the fastest growing occupations.

•Computer repair and technical support can however

be quite lucrative.

•More and more IT graduates enter the workforce

each day. By obtaining a certification you can have a
substantial advantage over your competition in the
career world, as well as a good foundation for adding
more certifications too.

•A CompTIA A+ certified person can be approved as

a Hardware and Networking Engineer worldwide.
System Administrator

A systems administrator is generally

involved in the

• Installing, supporting, maintaining

and tuning of large operating systems

•that take the form of mainframe,

desktop solutions or mid-range
systems.

•Various certifications like MCSA,

MCSE and RHCE are offerings, in IT to
become a System Administrator.
Network Administrator

A network administrator

• provides operational support and

• management of large communication

networks in an organization which involves the
Internet and private networks.

•The networking essentials can be obtained by

a CompTIA N+ certification and a

•Network methodology and infrastructure

knowledge can be obtained by CCNA
certification.
Messaging Administrator

A Messaging administrator

• builds a communication bridge among

your networks for a easy way of sharing
ideas and thoughts.

• managing, monitoring and protecting

Email & Messaging Services and fill the
communication gap.

•An NCMP (Exchange Server of

Microsoft) certification can be
addressed to meet the above tasks.
Security Administrator

A Security administrator

• provides operational support and

• managing and protecting network from

hacking and other vulnerable threats.

•Implementing various monitoring tools and

technologies and ensure data security.

•An CompTIA N+ / MS Firewall / Ethical

Hacking certificate will be the apt choice
for become a Security Administrator.
A Glimpse on Ethical hacking

 With increasing networks, network security is a major concern world wide.

 An Ethical Hacker is an individual who is usually employed with the

organization and who can be trusted to undertake an attempt to penetrate
networks and/or computer systems using the same methods as a Hacker.

 He will understand how perimeter defenses work and then be lead into
scanning and attacking their own networks, no real network is harmed.

 Intrusion Detection, Policy Creation, Social Engineering, DDoS Attacks,

Buffer Overflows, Virus Creation and others can be practised by a Ethical
Hacker
RIM PROFESSIONAL

A RIM Professional

• provides operational support and

• managing IT infrastructure from

a remote location.
RIM (Remote Infrastructure
Management)
•Remote Infrastructure Management is the Latest
Technology in Hardware & Networking!

•Remotely managing Information Technology (IT)

infrastructure such as workstations (desktops, laptops,
notebooks, etc), servers, network devices, storage devices, IT
security devices, etc of a company.

• RIM is going to be the next Gen IT trend in IMS.

•Currently IMS is USD 524 billion industry.

•Globally, IMS is as important as the Application

Development & Maintenance (AMD) and BPO industry
today.
RIM (Remote Infrastructure
Management)

•India is well positioned to capture a disproportionate share

of $ 13–15 billion by 2013.

•Leading IT companies in India like Sify, HCL

Technologies, Capgemini, Accenture, IBM, Patni, EDS,
Mphasis, Microland, Wipro, Cognizant and many more have
been expanding their RIM workforces by 50% year-on-year.
Career Opportunities for RIM

Network
Help Desk/PC Engineer
Support Specialist Systems
Administrator

RIM
RIM Systems Engineer
Professional (IMS)
Careers

Messaging
Security Specialist
Specialist Migration
Specialist
A Glimpse on Virtualization

 In a crude term virtualization means making available the computer resources

which don’t exist physically.
 This addresses the need if some computer resources are required temporarily and
hence save on Cost.
 Virtualization techniques are applied for:
 Hardware Virtualization: i.e execution of software in an environment separated
from the underlying hardware resources
 Memory Virtualization: i.e. aggregating RAM resources from networked
systems into a single memory pool.
 Storage Virtualization: i.e. the process of completely abstracting logical
storage from physical storage.
A Glimpse on Virtualization

 Operating System Virtualization: i.e. hosting of multiple virtualized environments within a single
OS instance
 Application Virtualization: the hosting of individual applications in an environment separated
from the underlying OS
 Cross platform Virtualization: allowing software compiled for a specific CPU and operating
system to run unmodified on different CPUs and/or operating systems
 Data Virtualization: the presentation of data as an abstract layer, independent of underlying
database systems, structures and storage
 Database Virtualization: the decoupling of the database layer, which lies between the storage and
application layers within the application stack
 Desktop Virtualization: the remote display, hosting or manipulation of a graphical computer
environment (desktop)
 Network Virtualization: creation of a virtualized network addressing space within or across
network subnets
Technologies covered in RIM

• System Hardware & Networking (CompTIA A+)

• Desktop Administration (MCTS- Win7)

• Server Administration with Messaging (MCSA Win Server

2003)
• Linux Essential (RHCE)

• Routing Technologies (CCNA)

• Security+, MS- Firewall & Ethical Hacking

• Virtualization, Desktop Optimization

• Cloud Computing
Technical Support

•Monitoring and Management of

Wide Area Networks.
•System up gradation &
Maintenance of H/W and S/W.
•Notification to customer of a
network problem and the
resolution track immediately.
•Take steps to resolve the
problem immediately.
Customer Support

Work that involves the planning and

delivery of customer support
services, including

•installation
•configuration
•troubleshooting
•customer assistance and/or
•training

in response to customer
requirements.
MIS (Management Information System)

•Is a formalized way of dealing with the

information that is required in order to manage
any organization
•It consists of data files, records, company
records, marketing data, financial data, etc
•It is a computer-based system that provides
managers with the tools for organizing,
evaluating and efficiently running their
departments.
•It helps to manage past, present and prediction
information
• software that helps in decision making
• data resources such as databases
• the hardware resources of a system
• decision support systems
• people management and project
management applications
Industry Expectations from candidates…
What do recruiters look for in a candidate?

• Technical Skills

• Soft Skills
What are Technical Skills?
Technical Skills

•Technical skills teach one how to meet the

expectations of the job.

•It is not possible to survive in a job without

sound technical skills.
What are ‘Soft Skills’?
Soft Skills

• ‘Soft Skills’ are essentially people skills -the

non-technical, intangible, personality-specific
skills.

• The only sustainable competitive advantage

that cannot be duplicated.

• ‘Hard skills’, on the other hand, are more along

the lines of what might appear on your resume -
your education, experience and level of expertise.
What skills qualify as ‘Soft
Skills’?
Skills that qualify as soft skills
Communication Problem Solving Skills Leadership Skills
Skills – Oral &
Written Time Management Assertiveness

Interpersonal Analytical Thinking Ability to work

Skills under pressure
Team work
Personal Conflict Resolution
Grooming Self Awareness
Initiative
Flexibility
Integrity
Listening Skills Creativity
Work Ethics
Risk Taking
Skills Commitment Diplomacy
Soft skills are

The hardest to acquire

Impossible to practice

Unless these become habits

Why ‘Soft Skills’?

• Interactions with customers cannot end with

data alone.
• Involves the ability to be humane.
• Good soft skills gives a person greater self
-confidence and self esteem.
• This has a direct impact on the quality of work
output and clarity with which tasks are
performed.
How Soft Skills
Importance of soft skills

When it comes to skills other than technical,

the unanimous response from the industry is
communication skills and good
personality

(Manpower requirement findings)

Soft Skills Vs. Technical Skills

Which is more important?

Technical skills Vs. Soft Skills

Both technical and soft skills complement

each other and the balance between these
two is what makes a complete professional
Thank You!