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An Overview
1
Working Definition of DSS
2
Characteristics and
Capabilities of DSS
1. Provide support in semi-structured and
unstructured situations, includes human
judgment and computerized information
2. Support for various managerial levels
3. Support to individuals and groups
4. Support to interdependent and/or sequential
decisions
5. Support all phases of the decision-making
process
6. Support a variety of decision-making processes
and styles
(more)
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7. Are adaptive
8. Have user friendly interfaces
9. Goal: improve effectiveness of decision
making
10. The decision maker controls the decision-
making process
11. Utilizes models for analysis
Decision makers can make better, more
consistent decisions in a timely manner
4
DSS Components
1. Data Management Subsystem
2. Model Management Subsystem
3. Knowledge-based (Management)
Subsystem
4. User Interface Subsystem
5. The User
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DSS Components
User
User Interface
KBS1
DBMS MBMS
KBS2 KBS3
6
The Data Management
Subsystem
DSS database
Database management system
Data directory
Query facility
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Data management subsystem
Database
* collection of interrelated data organized to meet the needs
& structure of an org.
* Data are extracted from internal & external data sources
* Extracted go to specific application DB or to the corporate
data warehouse
* Internal data ( Intranet) & external data (Internet)
Extraction – Importing of files, summarization,
Standardization & condensation of data
DBMS
* DB is created, accessed & updated by a DBMS
* Most DSS are built with std. Commercial DBMS (SQL)
Query facility
* Important function of DSS query system is selection &
manipulation operations
The directory
* It is a catalog of all the data in the DB ,contains data
definitions & its main function is to answer questions about
the availability of data items , their source & exact meaning
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DSS In Focus 3.2: The Capabilities of DBMS in a DSS
Captures/extracts dataforinclusioninaDSSdatabase
Updates (adds, deletes, edits, changes) datarecords and
files
Interrelates datafromdifferent sources
Retrieves datafromthedatabase forqueries andreports
Provides comprehensivedatasecurity(protectionfrom
unauthorizedaccess, recoverycapabilities, etc.)
Handles personal andunofficial datasothat users can
experiment withalternative solutions basedontheirown
judgment
Performs complexdatamanipulationtasks basedon
queries
Tracks datausewithinthe DSS 9
The Data Management Sub system
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The Model Management
Subsystem
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Model Management Issues
Model Base: Strategic, managerial (tactical),
operational & analytical
Model building blocks & routines - Excel
Modeling tools :
Modeling languages ( C, C ++, LISP and
PROLOG)
Model Base Management system: s/w – Model
creation, updation & Manipulation using pgm.
Language & other building blocks
Model directory: Model defn. ,Availability &
capability of models
Model execution – controlling the actual running
of model
Model integration – integrating DSS with other
applications
Model command processor: Accept & interpret
modeling instructions from user interface &
direct to MBMS, model execution or integration12
functions
The Model Management Subsystem
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Major functions of the MBMS
14
The Knowledge Based
(Management) Subsystem
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User Interface( dialog) Subsystem
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The User Interface (Dialog) Subsystem
Includes all communication between a user
and the MSS
Managed by a s/w called UIMS also known as
dialog generation & mgt system
Includes a natural language processor or std.
Objects through a GUI
Enables the user to interact with Database &
modebase mgt. subsystem
Voice recognition and speech synthesis possible
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The User
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DSS Hardware
Evolved with computer hardware and
software technologies
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DSS Classifications
Alter’s Output Classification (1980)
Degree of action implication of
system outputs (supporting
decision)
Holsapple and Whinston’s
Classification
1. Text-oriented DSS
2. Database-oriented DSS
3. Spreadsheet-oriented DSS
4. Solver-oriented DSS
5. Rule-oriented DSS
6. Compound DSS
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