PRINCIPLES

OF DESIGN
Reported by:
Astor, James
Mazo, Tosie
Cardenas, Rebecca
INTRODUCTION:

• Principles of Design is a lesson that

presents the five Principles of Design:
balance, rhythm, proportion and scale,
unity and emphasis. The principles are
the manipulation of the design
elements. They are used together to
send a message about both form and
function of design objects.
INTRODUCTION:

• The first way to think about a principle is

that it is something that can be repeatedly
and dependably done with elements to
produce some sort of visual in a
composition. The principles of design help
you carefully plan and organize the
elements of art so that you will hold interest
and command attention. This is sometimes
referred to as visual impact.
BASIC PRINCIPLE OF
DESIGN
VISUAL BALANCE

 In visual communication refers to how

the elements of art (line, texture, form.
Value, colors shape and space) relate
to each other, within the composition
in terms of their visual weight to create
visual equilibrium. The artist arranges
balance to set the dynamics of a
composition.
VISUAL BALANCE

 Example: the
work of Piet
Mondrian-
Revolutionary
painting of
the twentieth
century
Types of Visual Balance

Symmetrical Asymmetrical Radial

balance Balance
Symmetrical balance

 The exact or
near matching
of left and
right sides of
a three-
dimensional
form or a
two-
dimensional
composition.
Symmetrical balance

• Is the most visually stable, and

characterized by an exact-or nearly
exact compositional design on either
(or both sides) of the horizontal or
vertical axis of the plane picture.
Symmetry appeals strongly to us,
because of the bilateral symmetry of
the human body
Symmetrical balance

 Examples of
art work :
Diego Rivera,
Flower Day,
1925
Asymmetrical Balance

 Occurs when
you have
different visual
images on other
side of a design,
and yet the
image still
balance
Asymmetrical Balance

 To be considered asymmetrical,
design needs to have unequal visual
weight on the other side, but those
unequal visuals needs to balance
each other
Asymmetrical Balance

 Examples of
art works :
Georges
Seurat, A
Sunday on la
Grande Jatte
1884
RADIAL

 radial balance
is a type of
balance based
on a circle
with its design
extending
from a center.
RADIAL

This is a variation of
symmetrical balance in which
the elements are arranged
equally around a central point.
Thus, radial has a strong focal
point.
RADIAL

 Radial balance is important if you’re

looking to create a strong focal point, it
is an effective technique because your
eyes are naturally drawn inwards to the
center. Not only do the swirls of the
nautilus shell and spiral staircase
provide visual interest, but they also
naturally lead your eye right to the
center of the image.
RADIAL

 Examples of
art works :
Gothic Rose
Windows
HARMONY

 Is the principle
of art that
creates
cohesiveness
by stressing
the similarities
of separate
but related
parts.
HARMONY

 Specifically, harmony uses the

elements of art as a vehicle to create
a sense of togetherness amongst
other wise separate.
 Harmony involves the selection/
design of elements that share a
common trait,
HARMONY

• Example :
Claude
Monet, The
Japanese
Bridge189
9
UNITY
 Is a measure of how well each
element of your design works
together. It describes the overall
design, and whether it’s components
work to your message to your
reader.
 Unity is the most important principle
of design because it brings your
UNITY

 Unity as used in
communication
conveys the
overall message
that you want to
resonate with
your audience.
 Example :
Salvador Dali,
Galatea of the
Spheres 1952
EMPHASIS

 Is defined as
an area or
object within
the artwork
that draws
attention and
becomes A
focal point.
EMPHASIS

 It is a strategy that aims to draw the

viewer’s attention to specific design
element.  
 • The aim of emphasis is to create a
focal point in the design: an eye-
catching part that stands out,
distinct from the rest of the design
elements.
EMPHASIS

Example :
Claude
Monet,
Impression,
Sunrise
1872  
RHYTHM
 Is defined as a strong, regular repeated pattern of
movement and sound. It.is created when one or more
elements of design are used repeatedly to create a
feeling of organized movement. Rhythm is achieved
through linear elements, alternating elements.
Gradation.
RHYTHM
Types Of Rhythm
1. Random rhythm- repeating elements with no specific regular
interval creates random rhythms.
2. Regular rhythm - like the beating of a heart, the regular rhythm
follows the same intervals over and over again.
3. Alternating rhythm- repeat more than one element design.
Examples of work of arts that define rhythm

Piet Mondarin, Broadway Boogie Tughra (Official Signature) of Sultan

Woogie, 1942 Sul
PROPORTION

Refers to the relative size and scale of

the various elements in design. The
issue is the relationship between
objects, or parts of the whole. This
means that it necessary to discuss
proportion in terms of the of the
context of standard used to determine
proportions.
PROPORTION

Proportion is the harmonious

relationship between two or more
elements of scale, as example, if
one element increases in size, the
remaining elements should also
increase at the same rate to
remain proportionate.
PROPORTION

Several ways in achieving proportion in painting

 1. Place like elements together which are
similar in character or have a common
feature.
 2. Create major and minor areas in the design,
as equal parts can quickly become
monotonous and boring,
 3. Arrangement of space should be in such
way that the eye does not perceive a standard
IMPORTANCE OF PROPORTION IN
ARTWORK
Proportion makes an objective difference
in many works of art. The importance of
that difference is a subjective
determination.
VARIETY
 •Is the principle of art that adds interest to an
artwork.

 Refers to the use of different qualities or instances of

the visual elements. It is the opposite of
repetitive or monotonous use of the elements.

 Variety adds interest by using contrasting elements

within the composition.
.
IMPORTANCE OF VARIETY
Variety makes an artwork. It helps the artist project or
invoke a feeling or emotion and reinforce the other
elements of a design. It creates a more interesting and
aesthetically pleasing outcome that improves the user’s
experience.
Some work of arts that define Variety:

Claude Monet, The Palace of Tom Thomson, Opulent October,

Westminster, The Fog Effect,1903 Winter,1915
REPETITION
 Is simply repeating a single element many times in
a design. And can be achieved by using repeated
messages.
 It is similar to rhythm and helps create a sense of
movement within an artwork.
 It is a recurrence of a particular line, pattern, shape
and other visual elements in a single or
part of the series.
THANK YOU FOR
LISTENING!