The Six Kingdoms

The History of Classification

• In the 1700’s, Linnaeus separated all life into 2

Kingdoms: Plants and Animals.
• More kingdoms added as knowledge of the diversity of
organisms increased.
• We currently have 6 Kingdoms.

• Remember: Kingdoms are the broadest taxon:

KPCOFGS
 Six Kingdoms in Taxonomy
organized according to type of cells, ability to make
food, number of cells in body

1. Archaebacteria

2. Eubacteria

3. Protists

4. Fungi

5. Plants

6. Animals
 Terminology

Getting food

autotrophs – make own food

hetertrophs – get food from other sources

Type of cells

prokaryotic – no nucleus, membrane bound organelles, DNA is circular

(plasmid), do contain ribosomes, smaller

eukaryotic – with a nucleus and organelles, DNA in chromosomes,

larger
 Terminology Continued

Body type
unicellular – made of only one cell
multicellular – made of more than one cell;
-have cells with special functions

Reproduction
sexual – need male and female parents
asexual – need only one parent
 Archaebacteria

-”ancient bacteria”
-existed before dinosaurs
-live in extreme environments
-hot springs
-acidic environment
-methane
-unicellular prokaryotes
-some autotrophs, some heterotrophs
Extreme Environments
 Eubacteria

Chemical makeup is different from that of archaebacteria.

-unicellular prokaryote

-some autotrophs, some heterotrophs

A Typical Bacteria Cell
 Protists

-“odds and ends” kingdom because its organisms

are pretty different from one another
-most unicellular, some multicellular
-eukaryotes
-some autotrophs, some heterotrophs
Protozoa
A Ttypical Protist
 Fungi
-mushrooms, mold, and mildew
-most are multicellular, some (like yeast) are
unicellular
-eukaryotes
-all are heterotrophs
-eat dead or decaying organisms
FUNGI
FUNGI includes:
Unicellular Yeast
A Typical Fungal Cell

Fungal Cells HAVE CELL

WALLS !!!!
 Plants
-all plants are multicellular
-all are eukaryotes
-plants are autotrophs
Typical Animal Cell
 Animals
-all are multicellular
-all are eukaryotes
-all are heterotrophs
Typical Animal Cell
 The Six Kingdoms Review

• Eubacteria- “true” bacteria (prokaryotic)

• Archaebacteria – “ancient” bacteria (prokaryotic”

• Protista – WEIRD organisms!!!! (eukaryotic)

• Fungi – digest dead or decaying matter (eukaryotic)

• Plantae - stationary, photosynthetic (eukaryotic)

• Animalia – mobile heterotrophs (eukaryotic)