Anatomic pathology

Dr Nancy Okinda
Goals and Objectives in Anatomic Pathology Residency Program

• To provide supervised quality teaching and training in surgical pathology, cytopathology, autopsy
pathology and forensic pathology.
• To provide knowledge and technical skills so that the resident can recognize, interpret and explain
pathologic processes in the clinical practice of Anatomic Pathology.
• To involve residents actively in internal and external quality control/quality assurance and accreditation
programmes of the department.
• To enable residents to take responsibility for their continuing professional development and maintain
scholarly and professional attributes through continuing education.
• To produce pathologists who are competent in performing outpatient procedures like fine needle aspirates.
• To involve senior residents in facilitating learning of junior residents and technical staff.
• To allow the post graduate to develop to their full potential as consultant pathologists who will effectively
direct and manage the pathology laboratory in all its regards.
• To prepare resident for life-long membership of the Anatomic Pathology profession and specialist
recognition by Medical and Dentist Board of Kenya
• The Anatomic Pathology residency is a four-year program that offers a dynamic training ground that
prepares residents for a very successful career in pathology, regardless of whether they ultimately choose an
academic or a community practice setting.
• The training program is geared towards enabling residents to acquire skills in
 Consultative functions,
 Professional knowledge,
 Managerial functions, and
 Education and research.

• Our residents have the benefit of training in an integrated department (laboratory medicine and anatomic
pathology) with an Anatomic Pathology and Clinical Pathology curriculum.
• Anatomic pathology and all of the various sections within the laboratory provide access to and experience
with a very high volume of material which includes the full spectrum of basic, "bread and butter" cases as
well as an unparalleled level of exposure to complex specialty material.
• The residency program focuses on six main areas of competency
 Patient care,
 Medical knowledge,
 Practice-based learning, and
 Improvement; interpersonal and communication skills and professionalism.

• The program has two clear components,

 The MMed part 1, in which residents cover common core courses, rotations in clinical pathology and
introduction of various disciplines in anatomic pathology. This covers the first two years of the course.
 The final two years comprise the part II component which covers in-depth surgical pathology, cytopathology,
forensic pathology, and autopsy pathology. Residents are also required to complete a dissertation, and will only
be allowed to sit for part II examination if it is approved.
 Program Delivery
• Residents are encouraged to gain knowledge and technical skills at a higher level using a
problem-based approach.
• At all times they are assisted and supervised in the acquisition of effective study skills
necessary for lifelong learning. 
• Principles of adult learning will be applied from the very first year and they are expected to
master the art of self-directed learning.
Program Expectations

• Develop an understanding of basic pathologic processes and relate to

morphologic abnormalities.
• Acquire skills needed to interpret laboratory data and make clinicopathological
correlations.
• Communicate effectively and share expertise with peers and colleagues.
• Develop investigative skills to better understand pathologic processes as they
apply to both individual patients and the general patient population.
• Acquire knowledge and experience in laboratory direction and management.
• Assume leadership roles in education of other physicians and allied health
professionals.
Duration of Study
• The duration of course is 4 years; full time study with a maximum duration of 6 years allowing for the
possibility of a maximum of 2 re-sits for the part I and part II examinations.
Evaluation of Residents' Performance
• Evaluation of performance is based on an assessment of expected competencies.
• Workplace-based assessment that involves a process of constructive positive interaction between the
learner and a member of the faculty is used to give feedback that builds medical expertise, effective
communication, team work, and professionalism. Leadership skills, health advocacy, and scholarly
activity are equally recognized. 
• Written, oral and practical/skills examinations are administered as part of the continuous in-training as
well as final assessments.
THANK YOU