COMPUTER

NETWORKING
TABLE OF
CONTENTS
• INTRODUCTION
1

• HISTORY
2

• APPLICATIONS
3

• TYPES OF
4 NETWORKING

• NETWORK
5
TOPOLOGY

• CONCLUSION
6
 INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTIO
N
 “A computer network is a group
INTRODUCTI of computers that use a set of
common communication protocols
ON over digital interconnections for the
purpose of sharing resources
located on or provided by
the network nodes”
APPLICATION
S:
RESOURCE SHARING

E-COMMERCE
COMMUNICATION
MEDIUM
SERVER-CLIENT MODEL
 TYPES OF
NETWORKING
LAN:
DEFINITIO
N:
• A local area network (LAN) is a collection of devices connected
together in one physical location, such as a building, office, or
home.
SIZE :
• A LAN can be small or large, ranging from a home network with
one user to an enterprise network with thousands of users and
devices in an office or school.

CHARACTERISTIC
:
• Regardless of size, a LAN's single defining characteristic is that it
connects devices that are in a single, limited area.

EXAMPLE :
• WIFI, Ethernet
MAN :
DEFINITION
:
• A metropolitan area network (MAN) is a network that
interconnects users with computer resources in a
geographic area or region larger than that covered by
even a large local area network (LAN) but smaller than
the area covered by a wide area network (WAN). 

EXAMPLE :
• Examples of metropolitan area networks of various sizes
can be found in the metropolitan areas of London,
England; Lodz, Poland; and Geneva, Switzerland. Large
universities also sometimes use the term to describe
their networks. A recent trend is the installation of
wireless MANs.
WAN:
DEFINITIO
N:
• Wide Area Network is a computer
network that connect computers
over a long distance

SIZE:
• It is the group of several MANs and
LANs. Its range is beyond 100km.
 COMPARISON BETWEEN LAN, MAN AND
WAN
1. Used in offices, schools
and houses
2. Range is 10 m to 1000 m
3. Coaxial cable is used as
communication medium.
4. Examples: Ethernet, Wifi
1. Used in multiple buildings 1. Used in country, continent
or in a city. or worldwide.
2. Range is 5 km to 100 Km. 2. Range is beyond 100 kms.
3. Optical fiber cables is 3. Satellites links are used as
used as communication communication medium.
medium. 4. Examples: Internet
4. Examples: Cable TV
Network
 HYBRID
TOPOLOG
Y

RING MESH
TOPOLOG TOPOLOG
Y Y
NETWORK
TOPOLOGY

BUS STAR
TOPOLOG TOPOLOG
Y Y
BUS
TOPOLOGY:
 RING
TOPOLOGY:
 STAR
TOPOLGY:
 Comparison between bus, ring and star topology

1. Uses one main cable 1. The computer in the 1. Each computer is

to which all nodes are network are connected connected to a central
directly connected. in a circular fashion. hub using a point-to-
2. One of the 2. The server, like point connection.
computers in the other nodes, only 2. The central hub can
network typically acts communicates to its be a computer server.
as the computer server. two neighboring 3. It is expensive.
3. It is inexpensive. nodes.
3. It costs moderate.
 CONCLUSION:
 COMPUTER NETWORKS ARE BASICALLY USED IN SHARING THE
INFORMATION OR DATA.
IT IS ALSO USED TO CONNECT COMPUTERS
COMPUTER NETWORK WORK ON THE BASIS OF TOPOLOGIES AND
TECHNICAL COMMUNICATION BARRIERS.
IT INCLUDES NEW DEVELOPMENTS ACCORDING TO TODAY’S ERA.
INTERNET IS THE MOST COMMON EXAMPLE OF COMPUTER NETWORKS.