ADMS 2511

Management Information Systems

Session 5
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 Emerging types of
enterprise computing
 Server Farms
 Google data centre video (includes security)
 http
://www.cbsnews.com/news/behind-the-cloud-a-tour
-of-googles-secretive-data-facilities
/
 Facebook’s data centre (slide show)
 https
://techcrunch.com/gallery/a-look-inside-facebooks-
data-center
/
 A tour of a Facebook (FB) server.
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QtTF9pDQxPc
 Session 5 (and TG1, TG2 and
TG3) Learning Objectives
5.1 Computer hierarchy and its impact on IT usage (TG1)
5.2 Hardware and software components of an information system (TG1,
TG2)

5.3 Characteristics and uses of types of IS storage (TG1)

5.4 Differences between system software and application software (TG2)

5.5 Discuss the different types of open systems (TG2)

5.6 Types of cloud computing, strategic issues related to hardware, software

and the cloud, benefits and risks of cloud computing (TG1, TG2, TG3)

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 Computer hierarchy
1. Supercomputers at U of T (2012): http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
PB84ODQ65Asl and U of M (2013): http
://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X_FpayDylYU
 Chinese the fastest as of June 2016:
 http://www.computerworld.com
/article/3085483/high-performance-computing/china-builds-world-s-fastest-s
upercomputer-without-u-s-chips.html

2. Mainframe computers
3. Midrange computers (includes server farms)
4. Microcomputers (desktop PCs, thin-client systems,
laptops/notebooks, netbooks, tablets).
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 Who uses what?
 Let’s take another look at the list of the computer hierarchy
 Think of two examples for each type, i.e. “who”
(organization type or specific example) uses each
 Also, what type of software applications do you think these
organizations use? Refer also to Table 1.4, p. 16 in Section
1.2 of your text: Types of organizational information
systems

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 Hardware difficulties are
“show-stoppers”
 Samsung batteries (of two types) exploded, and Samsung
issued recalls that cost the company “at least $5 billion”
 The article below explains that this was caused by outsourcers’
poor battery design (link has article, video and photos) and that
other phones (such as iPhones) have also exploded. The latter,
though, was apparently caused by use of third-party chargers.
http://www.techradar.com/news/samsung-galaxy-note-7-battery
-fires-heres-why-they-
exploded
 What are the lessons learned from this problem?

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 Session 5 (and TG1, TG2 and
TG3) Learning Objectives
5.1 Computer hierarchy and its impact on IT usage (TG1)

5.2 Hardware and software components of an

information system (TG1, TG2)
5.3 Characteristics and uses of types of IS storage (TG1)

5.4 Differences between system software and application software (TG2)

5.5 Discuss the different types of open systems (TG2)

5.6 Types of cloud computing, strategic issues related to hardware, software

and the cloud, benefits and risks of cloud computing (TG1, TG2, TG3)

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 Hardware and software work
together to provide products
 Without hardware, we would be unable to use software, and
the opposite also holds true
 It is the unique combination of innovative hardware and
software that entertains us, assesses us, treats us, and
provides us tools for both our day-to-day lives and at work
 Smart backup is an example of combining hardware and
software (IBM sales) www-03.ibm.com/systems/information_infrastructure/index.html

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 Let’s look at the hardware
and software in an IS
(Fig 1.3, p. 12, 2nd edition)

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 What hardware and
software are you using?
 If you have a smartphone or a computer, you should be able
to list the different types of hardware and software that you
are using
 What types are they? How do they relate to what you have
read in TG1 and TG2?
 How does a computer work? (Video)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_QElVrqBwnk

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 Hardware that affects
processing capacity
 Processor speed, type, and numbers (see TG 1.5, p. 382)
 Nature of input/output device (Table TG 1.1 and 1.2, p. 381-382)
 Capacity of input/output devices
 Storage technology, e.g. Server farms (TG 3.2 p. 401). For
examples of servers see: Communications hardware (lines,
modems, router, etc.) and their software
https://www-03.ibm.com/systems/storage/storwize/
 Other support systems, e.g. cooling systems

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 Who has the most powerful
smart phone?
 Assess your smartphones, and compare to smart phones that
you know that your friends are using. Who has the “most
powerful” smart phone?
 Justify your response using the material on our slides
(previous slides and next slide)

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 Hardware components
CPU
ALU
Control Unit

Hard drive
INPUT SECONDARY
Keyboard Floppy disks
Mouse DEVICES BUSES STORAGE Optical disks
Source RAID
data Tape
automation

Printers OUTPUT COMMUNICATION Modems

Plotters DEVICES DEVICES Network
Audio Interface
Terminals cards (NIC)

RAM
ROM PRIMARY
Cache STORAGE
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Registers
 Major types of software
 Data management
 Word processing
 Desktop publishing
 Graphics
 Multimedia
 Communications
 Speech recognition
 Groupware

 Windows 8
 Mac OS
 Unix
 Linux

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 Let’s do Practice Question
#1
 Read IT’s About Business 2.4, Reviving and Thriving
Using Retail Machines, p. 47
 For best results, do the practice problem before looking at
the answers.
 Answers will be posted after the classroom sections are
completed working on the problems.

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Copyright I. Splettstoesser, 2017
 Session 5 (and TG1, TG2 and
TG3) Learning Objectives
5.1 Computer hierarchy and its impact on IT usage (TG1)

5.2 Hardware and software components of an information system

(TG1, TG2)

5.3 Characteristics and uses of types of IS storage (TG1)

5.4 Differences between system software and application software (TG2)

5.5 Discuss the different types of open systems (TG2)

5.6 Types of cloud computing, strategic issues related to hardware, software

and the cloud, benefits and risks of cloud computing (TG1, TG2, TG3)

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 Computer memory: primary
storage
 Memory capacity
 Units? (KB, MB, GB, TB)
 Primary storage
 Registers
 RAM
 Cache
 ROM
 Great video about how a CPU
chip is made by Global Chip
Foundry (10 min):
http://www.youtube.com/watch
?v=qm67wbB5GmI
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 Computer memory: secondary
storage
 Secondary Storage
 Magnetic media
 Tape, Disks
 Optical storage
 CD, DVD
 Memory cards
 Thumb drives
 Other?
 What factors would increase an
organization’s need for storage
capacity?
 How to choose?
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 Session 5 (and TG1, TG2 and
TG3) Learning Objectives
5.1 Computer hierarchy and its impact on IT usage (TG1)

5.2 Hardware and software components of an information system (TG1,

TG2)

5.3 Characteristics and uses of types of IS storage (TG1)

5.4 Differences between system software and application

software (TG2)
5.5 Discuss the different types of open systems (TG2)

5.6 Types of cloud computing, strategic issues related to hardware, software

and the cloud, benefits and risks of cloud computing (TG1, TG2, TG3)
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 Systems software
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 Control and support the computer
system and its processing
activities
 Video: understanding operating
systems:
https://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=pTdS
s8kQqSA
 PC systems software examples:
Windows, OS/2, UNIX, Linux,
Max OS, z/OS
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 Application Software:
What interesting software have you used lately?
Application software: Programs written for a specific processing
activity or to perform specific functions specified by end users.
See Chapter 1, Table 1.4 types of organizational information
systems.
 See Table TG 2.1, Personal application software, includes:
Speech recognition [funny video] which does not always
work: http://dotsub.com/view/6c5d7514-5656-476a-9504-07dd4e2f6509
 What type of application software would be found in robots?
Consider both the robot itself and the user of the robot.
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-01-20/robot-c
rop-pickers-limit-loss-of-u-s-farm-workers-to-trump-
wall
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 Session 5 (and TG1, TG2 and
TG3) Learning Objectives
5.1 Computer hierarchy and its impact on IT usage (TG1)

5.2 Hardware and software components of an information system (TG1,

TG2)

5.3 Characteristics and uses of types of IS storage (TG1)

5.4 Differences between system software and application software (TG2)

5.5 Discuss the different types of open systems (TG2)

5.6 Types of cloud computing, strategic issues related to hardware, software
and the cloud, benefits and risks of cloud computing (TG1, TG2, TG3)

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 Open source software
Operating systems Application Software

knoppix.net

Open system is NOT equal to

Open source software
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Let’s do Practice Question
#2
 Review IT’s About Business 2.4, Reviving and Thriving
Using Retail Machines, p. 47
 For best results, do the practice problem before looking at
the answers.
 Answers will be posted after the classroom sections are
completed working on the problems.

Copyright I. Splettstoesser, 2017 24

 Session 5 (and TG1, TG2 and
TG3) Learning Objectives
5.1 Computer hierarchy and its impact on IT usage (TG1)

5.2 Hardware and software components of an information system (TG1,

TG2)

5.3 Characteristics and uses of types of IS storage (TG1)

5.4 Differences between system software and application software (TG2)

5.5 Discuss the different types of open systems (TG2)

5.6 Types of cloud computing, strategic issues related to

hardware, software and the cloud, benefits and risks of
cloud computing (TG1, TG2, TG3)
Copyright I. Splettstoesser, 2017 25
 Hardware vs. software Strategic
issues
 Keeping up with adequate capacity in processing and storage: Hardware devices
affect input speeds and data storage access speeds; new operating systems and
new data types may require more power
 Determining the appropriate infrastructure: changes may be needed for capacity
or for process changes; Hardware is often less valuable than the software or data
on it: think about what can be stored on a thumb drive and how easy it is to lose
them; using the cloud for backup helps to prevent losses
 Portable computers and portable devices: managing the devices and people
handling them require new practices
 Organizations must also consider e-trash: environmentally conscious suppliers
allow you to return your equipment, for example:
 Recycling program at Tiger direct: http://www.tigerdirect.com/sectors/recycle/index.asp
 Trade-in centre at Best Buy: http://www.bestbuytradein.com/bb/
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 Neat new stuff
 Flat screens that simulate 3D touch using electricity
(video):
http://www.disneyresearch.com/project/3d-touch-surfaces/
 Advances in 3D printing (video):
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XEKns8T7yUA

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 How “emerging” became
“the Cloud”
 Grid computing (TG 3.2, p. 400): using networks and the Cloud to create a
virtual supercomputer. What is it? (video):
www.youtube.com/watch?v=esVzoSqQ1Pc
 Check out York’s participation in one: http://www.yorku.ca/wcg/

 Utility computing (TG 3.2, p. 401): using the Cloud to provide hardware
infrastructure (e.g. servers and data communications) only when needed
 Server virtualization (TG 3.2, p. 402): multiple “servers” on one physical
device, Video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V9AiN7oJaIM
 IBM Canada’s Manav Gupta’s presentation on Cloud Computing, delivered at
York on Wednesday June 14, 2017 https://youtu.be/Rzazdh33dIw

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 IaaS, PaaS, SaaS, Fig. TG 3.4, p. 407

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 Public, private and hybrid clouds,
Fig. TG 3.3, p. 404

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 Cloud computing characteristics
that lead to benefits

1. Provides on-demand self-service (scalability)

2. Has characteristics of grid computing (pooling of hardware and

software resources)

3. Has characteristics of utility computing (use only what you need

when you need it)

4. Uses broad network access (requires appropriate capacity for

multiple devices)

5. Pools computing resources dynamically (increase or decrease as

needed)

6. Often occurs on virtualized servers (multiple OS’s)

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 Benefits of cloud
computing (with examples)
 Positive impact on employees: Making individuals more
productive due to anywhere access (Segal, McCambridge,
Singer & Mahoney private cloud with public access);
Facilitating collaboration in new ways (Computer Systems
Corporation Jive knowledge management system); Mining
insights from data using intensive computing (Radiant
Systems’ new Aloha Restaurant Guard product)
 Save money: Reduce costs by shifting IT capital costs to an
operational cost (State Street Bank using cloud-based
software development); no need to pay for hardware or
software infrastructures
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 Benefits of cloud
computing (continued)
 Improve organizational flexibility and competitiveness:
Expand the scope of business operations in a flexible way
(College Hunks Hauling Junk implemented new systems
using SaaS); Respond quickly to market changes (upsize or
downsize) (ActiveVideo created CloudTV, used by viewers
on any Web-based interface); expand or decrease hardware
and software use on an as-needed basis

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 Risks and concerns of cloud
computing
1. Legacy IT systems not easily transferred and issues of batch
versus online processing

2. Reliability an issue for some service providers

3. Privacy exposures increased

4. Security quality varies

5. Regulatory and legal issues may arise due to data and

applications stored in other countries or transferred to other
countries for storage and processing

6. Criminals can also take advantage of the cloud

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Let’s do Practice Question
#3
 Read IT’s About Business 3.2, Those Mannequins Are
Watching You, p. 72
 For best results, do the practice problem before looking at
the answers.
 Answers will be posted after the classroom sections are
completed working on the problems.

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 Study tip # 5 – Create
exercises for yourself
 Ways of using exercises: numbers, letters, words, code
words, verses, images, maps
 What has worked for you?
 I prefer words, code words or images

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 What key topics did we
cover today?

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