TOPIC:APPLICATION OF

OVERCURRENT AND
DIFFERENTIAL RELAY IN MATLAB
SIMULINK
NAME: CHAITALI D. MOREY
ROLL NO.: MT21IPS007
CONTENT OF PRESENTATION

1. INTRODUCTION
2. SYSTEM UNDER CONSIDERATION
3. RELAY LOGIC
4. RESULT
5. CONCLUSION
 INTRODUCTION

Why we need the system protection ?

There are many reasons because of which fault occur in the system such as short circuit in system ,lightning stroke which create
the disturbance in power supply .To detach the faulty section from the system and make the rest of the system portion work
without any disturbance and prevent the flow of fault current we need protection
Over current protection and differential protection are the most common protection scheme in the power system.
Over current relay is based on the simple principle as the current through the device exceed the pick value then relay will initiate
the trip signal to circuit breaker.
Differential relay operate on the principle of comparison between the phase angle and magnitude of two or more similar electrical
quantities exceed the predetermined value.
WHY MATLAB SIMULINK ?

MATLAB Simulink provide the a interactive , graphical environment for

modeling ,simulating and analyzing of dynamic system
In this application of overcurrent and differential relay in MATLAB Simulink we
considered the 2 bus distribution system. In which we performed internal and external fault
analysis.
SYSTEM MODEL AND WORKING
PART 1: DIFFERENTIAL RELAY

• In differential relay application in MATLAB Simulink we considered 2 bus system i.e. Bus A and
bus B as shown in fig:1. In this system we consider two fault condition one is internal fault and
second one is external fault.
• In this line current is extracted from the current measurement block from a bus A and bus B and
after calculating the rms value and comparing it sent to the SR FF after implementing logical
operation if difference in the current is greater than pickup value the relay initiate the trip signal to
circuit breaker.
• pick value is 1.5 times the rated value.
SIMULATION MODEL OF DIFFERENTIAL
PROTECTION
SYSTEM MODEL AND WORKING
PART2:OVERCURRENT RELAY
• Overcurrent relay is based on the simple principle that when the current in the device
exceed the set value then relay will initiate the trip signal.
• As shown in fig below the current is extracted from current block and and rms value of
current is compare with the set value and it sent to input of the SR FF and after
implementing the logical operation if current exceed the set value then the relay will
initiate trip signal.
SIMULATION MODEL OF OVER CURRENT RELAY
RELAY LOGIC
DIFFERENTIAL RELAY

• S=0 R=0 then Q=1 relay will not give trip signal
• S=0 R=1 the Q=0 then relay will give trip signal
RELAY LOGIC
OVERCURRENT RELAY
• S=0 R=0 Relay will not trip
• S=1 R=0 Relay will trip
RESULT

• INTERNAL FAULT
RESULT

• EXTERNAL FAULT
CONCLUSION

From the above result it is clear that for the external fault the relay will not give the trip
signal and for internal fault it will operate.
THANK YOU