FOUNDATIONS

OF
CURRICULUM
JANET F. CEPRIANO
Discussant
(MA 208)
 1. What are the major foundations of curriculum?

2. What educational philosophies influenced the

curriculum?

GUIDE 3. Who were the curriculum theorists who made great

contributions in the historical foundation of

QUESTIONS: curriculum?

4. How does psychology influence curriculum ?

5. How does sociology affect curriculum construction

and development?
MAJOR FOUNDATIONS OF
CURRICULUM
 PHILOSOPHY
Ideology
Reasoning
Beliefs
HISTORICAL
FOUNDATION
PSYCHOLOGICAL
FOUNDATION
PSYCHOLOGY – DEALS
WITH HOW HUMANS
LEARN AND BEHAVE
•Since the main goal of
curriculum is to bring about
learning, therefore, curriculum
developers need to know how
humans learn.
BEHAVIORISM
CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
 OPERANT CONDITIONING

BURRHUS FREDERIC
SKINNER
HUMANISM:

EACH INDIVIDUAL IS UNIQUE

AND THAT ALL INDIVIDUALS
HAVE A DESIRE TO GROW IN A
POSITIVE WAY.
CONSTRUCTIVISM
• an approach to learning that holds that people actively construct or make their own
knowledge and that reality is determined by the experiences of the learner (Elliot et
al.,2000, p. 256).
• a theory about how people learn
• people construct their own understanding and knowledge of the world, through
experiencing things and reflecting on those experiences.
e.g. When we encounter something new, we have to reconcile it with our previous
ideas and experience, maybe changing what we believe, or maybe discarding the new
information as irrelevant. In any case, we are active creators of our own knowledge. To do
this, we must ask questions, explore, and assess what we know.

Principle:
“Knowledge is constructed, rather than innate, or passively absorbed.”
SOCIOLOGY
• is the study of relationship between
man and his human environment
• is the scientific study of society,
including patterns of social
relationships, social interaction and
culture.
• 1916 - Dewey published Democracy and Education,
which explored all elements of his philosophy. It also
discussed the relationship between education and
democracy.

• “Children should experience democracy in school to

make them better citizens.” – John Dewey

• “Subjects cannot and should not be placed in a

hierarchy based on value.”
 DEWEY’S
THEORIES
AND
BELIEFS ON
EDUCATION
SOCIAL FOUNDATION SAYS THAT:
• Emphasis is on the collaborative nature of learning and the importance of
cultural and social context.
• All cognitive functions are believed to originate in, and are explained as
products of social interactions
• Learning is more than the assimilation of new knowledge by learners; it
was the process by which learners were integrated into a knowledge
community.
• Believed that constructivists such as Piaget had overlooked the essentially
social nature of language and consequently failed to understand that
learning is a collaborative process.
THE INFLUENCE OF PHILOSOPHY
TO CURRICULUM
• planning, implementing, evaluating a school curriculum
• help define the purpose of the school
• help determine the important subjects to be taught, the
kind of learning students must have and how they can
acquire them
• the instructional materials, methods, and evaluation to
be used
• offers solutions to problems
 LIFE SOCIAL
EXPERIENCES BACKGROUND

PHILOSOPHY

ECONOMIC
EDUCATION
BAKGROUND

COMMON BELIEFS
Conclusion:
REFERENCES:

http://www.ucdoer.ie/index.php/Education_Theory/Constructivism_and_Social_Constructivism
https://sites.google.com/site/constructivism512/Home/definitions-and-theorists
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/305655612_Philosophical_perspectives_on_education
THANK
YOU!