Learning Goal:

 Makes the difference the use of

full infinitive and bare infinitives to
meke and complete sentences.

You will be evaluated through: Class participation checklist

TEACHERS: Evert Martino/ Miriam Chayán/ Raquel Ramos .

PART 1: INFINITIVES

FORM
see to go

to play
speak

hear to work
 FORM

• Bare infinitive: • Full infinitive:

see, hear, speak to play, to work, to go
 FULL INFINITIVE - USE
1. After specific verbs such as:

want decide manage

agree choose achieve
accept plan promise
refuse learn ask
reject hope offer
invite
 Examples
• When I grow up, I want to become
a musician.

• He offered me a cold beer

but I refused to drink it.

• He invited me to go for dinner but I

didn’t have the time.
 Examples
• It was raining heavily, so he
offered to drive me home.

• When they finish high school,

they plan to go to university.

• After walking for many hours, they

managed to get to the top of the
mountain.
 2. In the structure: It is + adj.+ full. inf.

It’s nice to
It is hard to
It is difficult to
It is easy to
• It’s nice to see you again. It was etc.
hard to say goodbye after the
holidays.
3. In the structure: I am + adj. + full.inf.

I am sorry to
I am surprised to
I am pleased to
I am glad to
I am happy to
I am amazed to
I am delighted to
 Examples
• We were surprised to have an
unexpected guest in our
house.

Oops! I’m sorry

to hurt you!
 4. too…to/ (not) enough…to

• This coffee is too hot to drink!

• She is too tired to keep

working.
 • She hasn’t got enough time
to finish the test.

• He has got enough money to

buy a new car.

• He isn’t strong enough to lift

that weight.
 BARE INFINITIVE - USE
1. After the modal verbs: can, must, should etc.

• He can speak Spanish.

• You mustn’t smoke in

a hospital.
2. After the verbs let, make
 GERUNDS-USE
1. As the subject or object of a sentence

• Collecting flowers is my hobby.

• I like collecting flowers.

 2. After prepositions
• They are interested in studying
archaeology.
• They dream of becoming
archaeologists.
• They are crazy about discovering
ancient cities.
• They are tired of digging in the
sand.
Other expressions: good at/ bad
at/ keen on/ bored with/ fed up
with/ afraid of
 3. After specific verbs such as:

like
hate start
dislike stop
can’t stand continue
mind remember
Begin
look forward to forget
finish
enjoy avoid
quit
prefer can’t help
give up
fancy
practise
feel like
 Examples
• I enjoy watching football on T.V.

• I hate travelling by coach.

• She started playing the guitar two

years ago.
 Examples
• He is trying to quit smoking.

• Do you remember building

sandcastles when we were kids?
 4. Go + ing

• We’re going shopping

tomorrow.

Other:
go shopping
go swimming
go fishing
go skiing • I go swimming twice a week.
etc.
 5. be/get used to + ing

• I’m used to getting up early in the morning.