Chinese Architecture

SHANXI UNIVERSITY OF
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Group Members

Muhammad
Nasir Rafiq
Muhammad Ahsan
Contents

Pakistani Architecture Chinese architecture

 Bhodesar Mosque  Feature
 Gori Temple  Traditional Architecture Styles
 Badshahi Mosque  Imperial Palaces Architecture
 Derawar Fort  Religious Architecture
 Rohtas Fort  Garden Architecture
 Lahore Fort  Residential Architecture
 The Sheesh Mahal  Bridge Architecture
Features

 Timber frame structure

 Symmetry as courtyard style
 Rich artistic image

 Decorative roof
 The use of foil structure
 The use of color
Traditional Architecture Styles
 Imperial architecture

 Religious architecture

 Garden architecture

 Residential architecture

 Bridge architecture
Imperial Architecture

 Imperial Mausoleums
 Imperial Palaces
 The number “Nine” and Imperial architecture
 The notion of Ruler is affiliated with the Sun
 Dragon and Phoenix
Imperial Palaces

 E Pang palace of the Qin dynasty

 Wei Yang Palace of the Han Dynasty

 Daming Palace of the Tang Dynasty

 Forbidden City in Beijing

The Forbidden City
Arial view of Forbidden City
Forbidden City
Large Pots are for Fire Prevention
Features

 All buildings must have water in front of them.

 Mountains at the back pointing to the sun.
 In case of fire. The large pots are found all over the Forbidden City.
 The dragon represents the Emperor while the phoenix represents the Empress.
Nine is a lucky number in China. Notice the number of nails in each door.
Interior Painting Detail
Decorative roof
Religious Architecture

 Chinese Buddhist architecture

 Taoist architecture

 Confucianism and Chinese architecture

Garden Architecture

 History
The ancient Chinese gardens originated in the Shang and Zhou
Dynasties, when monarchs began to build parks for their own
leisure and pleasure.
 Classification
1. Imperial gardens
2. Private gardens
3. Monastic gardens
Residential Architecture

 Traditional Chinese residences reflect the national culture.

 The sub-culture of a specific region and

 That of the ethnic group within it.

Bridge Architecture

 Beam Bridge

 Arch Bridge

 Cable Suspension Bridge

 Floating Bridge
Beam Bridge
 The earliest reference to the beam bridge in the Chinese history is the Ju Bridge
dating from the Shang Dynasty. From the Zhou Dynasty to the Qin and Han
Dynasties, bridges with timber beams and stone piers were dominant.

 Famous bridges:
1. The 362-span Anping Bridge
2. The 47-span Wan’an Bridge
3. Jiangdong Bridge in Zhangzhou
4. The Fengyu Bridge (all-weather bridge) built by the Dong people
Beam bridge
Anping Bridge
Arch Bridge
 The joint of the beams and sides evolved gradually into isometric trilateral, and pent
lateral arches, and finally into semicircular arch. The span, too, was gradually
extended, from 2 or 3 m up to 37.02 m (clear span).

 Famous bridges:
1. Zhaozhou Bridge (Anji Bridge)
2. Feng Bridge (the Maple Bridge)
3. Baodai Bridge (the Precious Belt Bridge)
Arch Bridge

Baodai Bridge Anji Bridge

Cable Suspension Bridge

 Cable suspension bridges vary in kind according to the materials of which the
cables are made, rattan, bamboo, leather and iron chain.

 Famous bridges:
1. Fanhe Bridge
2. Jihong Bridge
3. Luding Iron-chain Bridge
Luding Iron-chain Bridge
Pakistan Architecture
Bhodesar Mosque

 The white marble mosque of Bhodesar is built in a style that was highly
influenced by the architecture of nearby Jain temples.
 The Bhudesar Mosque in Bhodesar near Pakistani southwestern city of
Nagarparkar.
 Bhodesar was the region's capital during Sodha rule.
 The mosque was built in the Hindu/Jain architect style by Nasir-ud-Din Mahmud
Shah of Gujarat in 1505 AD.
Bhodesar Mosque
Gori Temple, Nagarparkar

 The Gori Temple is a Jain temple in Nagarparkar Sindh Pakistan.  

 It was built in 1375-1376 CE.
 The temple measures 125 feet by 60 feet, and is built of marble.
 It is designed in curved pillars
 The canopy entrance of temple is decorated with paintings representing Jain
mythology.
Gori Temple
Gori Temple Interior Architecture
Badshahi Mosque

 The Badshahi Mosque  or "Imperial Mosque" is a Mughal era masjid in Lahore

 The Badshahi Mosque was commissioned by Emperor Aurangzeb in 1671, with
construction of the mosque lasting for two years until 1673.
 The mosque is an important example of Mughal architecture, with an exterior that
is decorated with carved red sandstone with marble inlay.
Badshahi Mosque
Derawar Fort

 Derawar Fort  is a large square fortress in Yazman Tehsil, Punjab, Pakistan.

 Approximately 130 km south of the city of Bahawalpur, the forty bastions of
Derawar are visible for many miles in the Cholistan Desert.
 The walls have a perimeter of 1500 metres and stand up to thirty metres high.
 Derawar fort was first built in the 9th century AD by Rai Jajja Bhatti.
Derawar Fort
Derawar Fort
Rohtas Fort

 Rohtas Fort (Qila Rohtas) is a 16th-century fortress located near the city

of Jhelum in the Pakistani province of Punjab.
 The fortress was built during the reign of Sher Shah Suri between 1541 and 1548.
 The fort is one of the largest and most formidable in the subcontinent.
 Rohtas Fort was never stormed by force and has survived remarkably intact.
 The fort is known for its large defensive walls, and several monumental
gateways.
Rohtas Fort
Rohtas Fort
Lahore Fort

 The Lahore Fort (Shahi Qila, or "Royal Fort"), is a Fort  in the city of Lahore,
Punjab, Pakistan.
  It contains 21 notable monuments, some of which date to the era of
Emperor Akbar.
 The Lahore Fort is notable for having been almost entirely rebuilt in the 17th
century,
  Additions from the Shah Jahan period are characterized by luxurious marble with
inlaid Persian floral designs,
Lahore Fort
Lahore Fort Gate
The Sheesh Mahal
is elaborately decorated with a myriad of reflective glass tiles .