What do you know

about the ocean?

 OCEAN
 Ancient Greek Ὠκεανός, transc. Okeanós,
the sea of classical antiquity.
 It is a body of saline water that composes
much of a planet's hydrosphere.
are by far the largest animal habitat and
covers almost 71% of the earth’s surface.
The average temperature is 39 °F
 Have you ever wondered just how much
salt is in there?

It is estimated that there is one cup of salt

for every gallon of water.

Refractometers – are a tool used to measure the

amount of salinity in the ocean..
 Oceanographers
 Is the one who studied ocean.
 stated that less than 5% of the
World Ocean has been explored.
 The types of life that live in the ocean
biome are extremely diverse.
Tons of types of fish found in the ocean
biome.
Large animals that live in the ocean
biome, they help to keep it balanced for all
of them.
 Why is the ocean blue?
"The ocean looks blue because red, orange and
yellow (long wavelength light) are absorbed more
strongly by water than is blue (short wavelength
light). So when white light from the sun enters the
ocean, it is mostly the blue that gets returned. Same
reason the sky is blue.“

In other words, the color of the ocean and the color of

the sky are related.
 Layers of the Ocean
Scientists have divided the ocean into five
main layers. These layers, known as "zones",
extend from the surface to the most extreme
depths where light can no longer penetrate.

These deep zones are where some of the

most bizarre and fascinating creatures in the
sea can be found.
Epipelagic Zone -
The surface layer of the ocean is
known as the epipelagic zone and
extends from the surface to 200 meters
(656 feet). It is also known as the
sunlight zone because this is where
most of the visible light exists. With the
light come heat. This heat is responsible
for the wide range of temperatures that
occur in this zone.
Mesopelagic Zone
It extend from 200 meters (656 feet)
to 1,000 meters (3,281 feet). Sometimes
referred to as the twilight zone or the
midwater zone. The light that penetrates
to this depth is extremely faint.
It is in this zone that we begin to see the
twinkling lights of bioluminescent
 creatures.
Bathypelagic Zone 
It is sometimes referred to as the
midnight zone or the dark zone. This
zone extends from 1,000 meters (3,281
feet) down to 4,000 meters (13,124
feet). Here the only visible light is that
produced by the creatures themselves.
Sperm whales can dive down to this
level in search of food.
Abyssopelagic Zone 
Known as the abyssal zone or simply
as the abyss. It extends from 4,000
meters (13,124 feet) to 6,000 meters
(19,686 feet). The name comes from a
Greek word meaning "no bottom". The
water temperature is near freezing, and
there is no light at all. Very few
creatures can be found at these crushing
depths.
Hadalpelagic Zone
This layer extends from 6,000
meters (19,686 feet) to the bottom of
the deepest parts of the ocean. These
areas are mostly found in deep water
trenches and canyons. The deepest
point in the ocean is located in the
Mariana Trench off the coast of Japan
at 35,797 feet (10,911 meters).
World's Five
Oceans
 Area Volume Avg. de Coastli
# Ocean Location (km2) (km3) pth ne
(%) (%) (m) (km)

168,723,0
Pacific 669,880,000
1 Separates Asia and Oceania from the Americas 00
50.1
3,970 135,663
Ocean 46.6

85,133,00
Atlantic 310,410,900
2 Separates the Americas from Europe and Africa 0
23.3
3,646 111,866
Ocean 23.5

70,560,00
Indian 264,000,000
3 Washes upon southern Asia and separates Africa and Australia 0
19.8
3,741 66,526
Ocean 19.5

21,960,00
Southern Sometimes considered an extension of the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian 71,800,000
4 0
5.4
3,270 17,968
Ocean Oceans, which encircles Antarctica 6.1

15,558,00
Arctic Sometimes considered a sea or estuary of the Atlantic, which covers much 18,750,000
5 0
1.4
1,205 45,389
Ocean of the Arctic and washes upon northern North America and Eurasia 4.3

361,900,0
1,335,000,000
Total – World Ocean 00
100
3,688 377,412
100
Great Barrier Reef in the Pacific Ocean.
• The Pacific Ocean is by far the world's
largest ocean at 60,060,700 square miles
(155,557,000 sq. km).
• The Pacific Ocean is located between the
Southern Ocean, Asia and Australia and
the Western Hemisphere. It has an
average depth of 13,215 feet (4,028 m)
but its deepest point is the Challenger
Deep within Mariana Trench near Japan.
• This area is also the deepest point in the
world at -35,840 feet (-10,924 m).
Atlantic Ocean seen from Miami, Florida.
The Atlantic Ocean is the world's second-
largest ocean with an area of 29,637,900
square miles (76,762,000 sq. km). It is
located between Africa, Europe, the
Southern Ocean and the Western
Hemisphere. It includes the includes other
water bodies such as the Baltic Sea, Black
Sea, Caribbean Sea, Gulf of
Mexico, Mediterranean Sea and the North
Sea. The average depth of the
Atlantic Ocean is 12,880 feet (3,926 m) and
the deepest point is the Puerto Rico Trench
at -28,231 feet (-8,605 m).

The Atlantic Ocean is important to the

world's weather (as are all oceans) because
strong Atlantic hurricanes are known to
develop off the coast of Cape Verde, Africa
and move toward the Caribbean Sea from
August to November.
Meeru Island, southwest of India, in the Indian Ocean.
The Indian Ocean is the world's third-largest
ocean and \ it has an area of 26,469,900
square miles (68,566,000 sq km). It is
located between Africa, the Southern Ocean,
Asia and Australia. The Indian Ocean has an
average depth of 13,002 feet (3,963 m) and
the Java Trench is its deepest point at
-23,812 feet (-7,258 m).
The waters of the Indian Ocean also include
water bodies such as the Andaman, Arabian,
Flores, Java and Red Seas as well as the Bay
of Bengal, Great Australian Bight, Gulf of
Aden, Gulf of Oman, Mozambique Channel
and the Persian Gulf. The Indian Ocean is
known for causing the monsoonal weather
patterns that dominate much of southeast
Asia and for having waters that have been
historical chokepoints.
 McMurdo Station, Ross Island, Antarctica.
The Southern Ocean is the world's newest
and fourth-largest ocean. In the spring of
2000, the International Hydrographic
Organization decided to delimit a fifth
ocean. In doing so, boundaries were taken
from the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian
Oceans. The Southern Ocean extends from
the coast of Antarctica to 60 degrees south
latitude
A Polar bear is seen on sea ice in
Spitsbergen, Svalbard, Norway
The Arctic Ocean is the world's smallest
with an area of 5,427,000 square miles
(14,056,000 sq km). It extends between
Europe, Asia and North America and most
of its waters are north of the Arctic Circle.
Its average depth is 3,953 feet (1,205 m)
and its deepest point is the Fram Basin at
-15,305 feet (-4,665 m).
Throughout most of the year, much of
the Arctic Ocean is covered by a drifting
polar icepack that is an average of ten feet
(three meters) thick. However, as the
Earth's climate changes, the polar regions
are warming and much of the icepack melts
during the summer months. In terms of
geography, the Northwest Passage and the
Northern Sea Route have been important
areas of trade and exploration.
OCEAN BIOME:
IMPORTANCE

Due to the enormous size of the corral

reef within the ocean biome, it has been
classified as its own specific biome. It
may surprise you to discover that there
is a great deal of variety in the corral
habitats. They are a very important
entity though to any ocean biome.
OCEAN BIOME:
IMPORTANCE

Oxygen is essential for all living things

including humans. Without it, we
wouldn’t be able to survive in any given
biome in the world. The ocean biome is
home to kelp and phytoplankton. They
offer 50% of the oxygen that all living
things in the world depend on!
OCEAN BIOME:
 THREATS
Problems including the recent oil spill
though continue to threaten the future for
many plants and animals in the ocean biome.
The long term effects of such damages from
that oil spill won’t be known until well into
the future. Even with all the efforts that have
been implemented for rescue and clean up, the
damages to what lives in the ocean there has
already occurred on many levels.
SOURCES:

http://beachchairscientist.com/2008/11/22/
how-much-salt-is-in-the-ocean/
http//Ocean Biome
Characteristics.com324326/2013/08/25
https://www.sciencedaily.com/terms/seawa
ter.htm
Prepared by:
Cortez, Trixie Rose E.
Gayacan, John Rey F.