Unit II

Dressmaking
& Tailoring
 Activity 11
Sewing Tools
Measuring Pressing
Tools Tools
5
Cuttin Markin
Classification
g g
of Sewing
Tools Tools
Tools
Pinning & Sewing
Tools
Measuring
Tools
Tape Measure
It is used to
take body
measurements.
Ruler
It is used for
marking
straight line in
drafting
pattern.
Curved Stick/ Hip Curve
It is used for
accurate ruling of
curved lines such
as the hemline and
in the side seams of
ladies’ skirts.
Tailor’s Square
It is used for
measuring and
dividing lines
in drafting
patterns.
French Curved
It is used for
drawing curved
lines in drafting
pattern found in
the armhole,
neckline and
crotch.
Sewing Gauge
It is used to
measure folds
accurately and
uniformly like
hemlines.
Marking
Tools
Tailor’s Chalk
It is used for marking
on pattern paper and
on fabric usually on the
wrong side so that the
colors do not leave
strong marks on the
right side.
Tracing Wheel
It is used to
transfer markings
from the paper
pattern to the
fabric, leaving
dotted imprints.
Tracing Paper
It is used with a
tracing wheel to
transfer
markings, usually
from paper to
fabric.
Cutting
Tools
Scissors
It is used for
cutting threads,
for trimmings
and for
slashing.
Shears
It is used
for cutting
out fabrics
and threads.
Seam Ripper
It is used
for ripping
sewn edges
or folds.
 Pinning &
Sewing Tools
Sewing Needles
It is used
for basting
and
stitching.
Pins
It is used to
holds folds or
pleats of two or
more fabrics
temporarily.
Spool of Threads
It is used
for sewing by
hand or
machine.
Thimble
It is used for
pushing the
needle into the
cloth for easy
sewing.
Pin Cushion
It is used in
sewing to store
pins or
needles.
Emery Bag
It is used to
remove rust
and dullness
of needles and
pins.
Pressing Tools
Flat Iron
It is used
for ironing
clothes.
Ironing Board
It is used to
keep clothes flat
while the
wrinkles are
being ironed
out.
Press Cloth
It is used to
protects your
fabric from
scorching,
melting, sticking
& burning.
Bowl & Sponge
It is used to
dampen
clothes while
ironing for a
neat and
smooth finish.
Others Tools
Bodkin
It is used to
thread cords,
ribbons or tape
through eyelets
or small stitched
holes or casings.
Crochet Hook
It is used to
pull thread or
yarn through
loops to create
crochet
stitches.
Loop Turner
It is used to
turn the cloth
or fabrics
inside out.
Checking of Clarifying
Understanding
 Activity 12
Parts of
Sewing Machine
1. Have you ever seen a sewing
machine?
2. Have you ever tried to use it?

3. How was your experience

using the machine? Was it easy
to use or not?
1. What do you call a machine
which is mechanically driven
needle used to stitch materials
together with thread and
designed to join pieces of
fabric?
 Sewing Machine
2 Major Parts of Sewing Machine
Upper Part

Lower Part
Upper Parts Of Sewing
Machine
Balance Wheel
 It is used to
manually raise
and lower the
needle and
thread take-up
Stop Motion Screw
 it hinders
moving when
screw is
loosened
Bobbin Winder
 it controls
the bobbin
while winding
thread.
Stitch Regulator
 it is used to
control the
length of the
stitch.
Spool Pin
 is the
thread
holder.
Thread Guides
It holds the
thread in
position from
the spool to
the needle.
Thread Take-up Lever
 it moves up
and down to
thread the
sewing needle
and maintain
the proper
Upper Thread Tension
 it controls
the looseness
and tightness
of stitches.
Presser Bar Lifter
 it moves the
presser foot
up and down.
Needle Bar
 it holds
the needle
in place.
Needle Clamp
 it holds
and
tightens
the needle.
Presser Foot
 it holds
the fabric in
place while
sewing.
Needle
 is a slender
tool attached in
the needle
clamp used for
sewing.
Feed Dog
 it moves
the fabric
while
sewing.
Throat Plate
 is the windows
of the feed dog
and it is where
the bobbin
threads come out.
Slide Plate
 is a movable
plate that
covers the
shuttle and
bobbin case.
Bobbin
 is
a metal
spool for
winding
thread.
Bobbin Case
 itholds
the bobbin
in place.
Shuttle
 it holds
the bobbin
case while
sewing.
Shuttle Holder
 it holds
the shuttle in
place.
Lower Parts Of Sewing
Machine
Band Wheel
 it leads the
balance wheel
through the
belt connection.
Band Wheel Crank
 it moves the
band wheel.
Pitman Rod
 it holds the
treadle to
band wheel
crank.
Belt Guide
 it holds the
belt to its
place.
Treadle
 is where the feet
are stationed to
drive the band
wheel through the
pitman rod.
Checking of Clarifying
Understanding
 Activity 13
Threading the
Sewing Machine
1. Since we already know the
different parts of the sewing
machine, do you think we are
now ready to use it?
2. What’s the purpose of
threading the machine?
Upper Threading the
Sewing Machine
Step 1:
Put the spool
of thread on
the spool
pin.
Step 2:
Bring thread
to the 1st
thread
guide.
Step 3:
Pull the
thread
between the
metal disc of
the tension.
Step 4:
Bring the
thread up to
the thread take
up lever and
raise it as it
goes.
Step 5:
Pull the thread
down to the
2 thread
nd

guides.
Step 6:
Pull it
through the
lower thread
guide.
Step 7:
Thread
the
needle.
Parts of Upper Threading:
1. Spool pin
2. 1st Thread Guide
3. Between metal disc of
tension
4. Thread take up lever
5. 2nd Thread guide
6. Lower 3rd thread guide
7.Threading the needle
Lower Threading the
Sewing Machine
Step 1:
Remove the
bobbin case
pulling on the
bobbin case
latch.
Step 2:
Remove the
bobbin from
the case and
wind the
thread.
Step 3:
Put the bobbin
back to the
bobbin case and
pull the thread
through the little
slot at least 4
inches long.
Step 4:
Be sure that you
hear the case being
locked upon
inserting the
bobbin case inside
the shuttle.
Step 5:
Start the mechanism
by rolling the
balance wheel
forward to get the
thread of the bobbin
through the needle.
Step 6:
Pull the upper
and lower
thread
together by 4
inches.
Lifelong Learning:
Sewing tools, parts of sewing machine
and threading the sewing machine has its
different and important role or function in
dressmaking and tailoring. Likewise, we
human has different and special role or
purpose in this world. As a Claretian
student, what could be your role or
purpose in this world?
Framing Concepts:
What are the
What are the things that are not
things you learned really clear to
in the activities? you?

What are the

things that you
want to learn
more?
 Activity 14
Taking Care of
Sewing Machine
 Taking Care of Sewing Machine
Taking care of the sewing machine
is a must for everyone who uses it. It
is part of the maintenance program
to ensure that the machine is in
good running condition every time it
is used.
Checking of Clarifying
Understanding
Some Common Troubles

of the
Sewing Machine
1. Machine is noisy
Possible Causes What to do
• Machine is • Clean and oil
dirty. machine
• Not oiled • Tighten screws
• Loose Screws
2. Machine does not turn
Possible Causes What to do
• Balance wheel • Tighten belt
belt is loose. • Tighten stop
• Stop Motion motion screw
Screw is loose.
3. Machine moves heavily
Possible Causes What to do
• Not oiled • Oil the machine
• Belt is too tight • Loosen the belt
• Accumulated • Clean and
threads remove the dirt.
4. Needle Breaks
Possible Causes What to do
• Needle is blunt • Change the needle
• Cloth is pulled fast • Guide the cloth as
while sewing. it is sewn.
• Attachment of • Adjust the needle
needle is incorrect. attachment.
5. Looping Stitches
Possible Causes What to do
• Needle is blunt • Change the needle
• Threading of • Correct the
machine is incorrect. threading
• Upper and lower • Adjust the tension
tensions do not for both upper and
match. lower tension.
6. Puckered Stitches
Possible Causes What to do
• Needle is blunt • Change the
• Length of the needle
stitches is too • Adjust the
long for the stitches
cloth.
7. Uneven Stitches
Possible Causes
• Needle is blunt or bent
• Needle is not properly
attached.
• Incorrect size of needle.
• Improper attachment of
needle.
• Cloth is pulled fast while
sewing.
What to do
• Change the needle
• Adjust attachment of
needles.
• Size the needle should
match the thickness of
the cloth.
• Guide the cloth as it is
sewn.
 Activity 15
Taking Body
Measurement
Checking of Clarifying
Understanding
 Guidelines in Taking Body
Measurements
1. The person being measured
should be wearing foundation
garments which will be worn
under the finished garment.
 Guidelines in Taking Body
Measurements
2. Taking measurement over
bulky clothes like denim jeans
or sweaters can result in a
garment that is oversized.
 Guidelines in Taking Body
Measurements
3. The person being measured
should be standing and
breathing normally. No sucking
in of the tummy as it will result
in a tight garment.
 Guidelines in Taking Body
Measurements
4. Locate the belt by tying a
piece of cloth for exact location.
This is to avoid too low or too
high figure.
 Vertical
Measurement
Figure Back
 Taken from
the nape
down to the
waist of the
back bodice.
Figure Front
 Taken from
the middle of
the neck
point over the
bust down the
waist.
Bust Depth
 Taken from
the apex of
the shoulder
to the highest
point of the
bust.
Shirt/Blouse Length
 Taken from the
apex of the
shoulder down to
the desired length
usually on the
waist or below the
waist.
Sleeve Length
 Taken from the
lower part of
the shoulder
down to the
desired length
in the arms.
Skirt/Pants Length
 Taken from
the waist
down to the
desired
length.
 Horizontal
Measurement
Shoulder
 Taken from
the left
shoulder
bone to the
right
shoulder
Front Chest
 Taken from the
left armpit of
the front left
bodice to the
right armpit of
the right
bodice.
Bust Distance
 Taken
from the
left nipple
to right
nipple.
Back Width
 Taken from the
left armpit of
the back bodice
to the right
armpit of the
bodice.
Circumferential
Measurement
Bust
 Taken
around the
fullest part
of the bust.
Waist
 Taken around
the smallest
part of the
torso; it is the
part where the
cord is tied.
 Is located 10 First Hip
centimeters or 4
inches from the
waist; the tape
measure is placed
around this part of
the first hip to get
the measurement.
 Is located 18 Second Hip
centimeters or 7
inches from the
waist; the tape
measure is placed
around this part of
the second hip to
get the
measurement.
Arm Girth
Taken
around the
upper arm.
Activity 15
Basic Hand
Stitches
 Basting Stitch
quite important in successful
sewing. This is used to hold
fabric temporarily in place,
until permanently stitched.
 Running Stitch
 to make this stitch, push point of needle in
and out of fabric until you have several
stitches on the needle. Hold fabric taut
with left hand, pull the needle through.
Practice until you make fine even stitches.
 Back Stitch
 make one running stitch, then take a back
stitch to the beginning of the first stitch,
thus overlapping each running stitch.
Resembles machine stitching and is used
to strengthen a seam made by hand.
 Outline or Stem Stitch
 this stitch is similar to the back stitch but
it is slanted. Make one slanted backstitch
in front of another letting each one
overlap the one before it just a little bit,
until the design is filled.
 Overcast Stitch
is a type of stitch used to enclose
a raw, or unfinished, seam or
edge. The purpose is to prevent
unraveling of the fabric.
 this is used for a flat finish next to fabric,
such as seam binding on a hem. Hold
open hem edge away from you, work from
left to right, and take a stitch in the hem,
then a tiny stitch to the right just beyond
edge of hem with the point of needle to
the left. This makes diagonal lined that
cross each other.
Catch Stitch
 Chain Stitch
 insert the needle in and out of the
fabric (as in the running stitch).
Bring the thread under the tip of the
needle while still in the fabric, then
pull the needle through.
 Blind/Ladder Stitch
 is a method of joining two pieces of fabric so
that the stitch thread is invisible, or nearly
invisible. Blind stitching hides stitching under
folded edges; therefore, this type of stitch can
be used to create a blind hem or to join two
folded edges together.
 Blanket Stitch
put your needle in 1/4 inch from
the edge of the fabric, put the
thread under the point of the
needle and pull through.
Checking of Clarifying
Understanding
 Activity 16
Basic Hand
Stitches (ICL)
 Activity: Stitching
Directions:
• Prepare necessary tools and materials in
stitching.
• Cut three (3) pieces of white cotton cloth
measuring 3 inches by 5 inches.
• Take a picture of every 3 stitches and
make it a photo collage.
• Due date will be on the 26th of October.
Materials Needed:
3 pieces of white cloth (3” x 5”)
3”
Scissors 5”
Materials Needed:
Needle

Thread (Black Color)

Thimble (Optional)
Criteria for the Photo Collage of
Category
Hand Stitches
  Score
All stitches are followed, sewn  
Content
10 points correctly and labeled with their
names.
Creativity The photo collage was very attractive  
in terms of picture, design, color and
10 points
layout.
Neatness The layout of photo collage, cutting of  
5 points cloths and stitches are neatly done.
Punctuality
Project submitted ahead or on time.  
5 points
Total Points:    
30
 Updates & Announcement:
 Oct. 20 – Final Examination in TLE
 Oct. 30 – Last date of passing for all your
requirements like quizzes, projects, etc.
 Start Compiling your E-portfolio
 No Quizzes & Project - RFL
Quiz 1 Quiz 2 Quiz 3 • Mabolo
• Nogollos
• Mabolo • Nogollos • Nogollos • Peria
• Esmeralda • Esmeralda • Esmeralda • Allian
• Santos • Ignacio • Ignacio • Bejerano
• Dalawis
• Santos • Santos • Esmeralda
• Suacillo • Suacillo • Ignacio
• Lisama
• Puyawan
• Santos
• Suacillo
 No Quizzes & Project - Excellence
Quiz 1 Quiz 2 Quiz 3 • Cuvas
• Reyes, May • Cuevas • Nawang • Jabil
• Foliente • Silfavan • Jones
• Nawang
• Nawang • Celerio • Silfavan
• Silfavan • Lim • Torres
• Celerio • Reyes, May • Celerio
• Elma • Lim
• Reyes, May • Reyes, M.
• Reyes, Roxette • Reyes, R.
• Rufino
 No Quizzes & Project - Empowerment
Quiz 2 Quiz 3 Project
• De Jesus • De Jesus • Canilang • Asio
• Fernandez • Francisco • De Jesus • Bahidjan
• Gaudiano • Fernandez • Francisco • Bermas
• Felizardo • Gaudiano • Fernandez • Felizardo
• Malonzo • Bermas • Gaudiano • Malonzo
• Jumig • Salcedo
• Salas • Velario
• Ybanez