3.

3: Influence of pressure
When the process is done in the vapor phase, the pressure has a strong
influence on the reaction time.

Influence of pressure on the rate of polymerization

• At high pressure, a condensate phase will
be created and the heavy polymers are
pushed out of the catalytic surface,
preventing catalytic loss.
• If the pressure is too low, otherwise it will
form heavy polymers, which are deposited
on the catalytic surface and inactivated.

• In reality, the reaction is done at p = 25-28 at.

Influence of pressure on catalytic activity

 3.4: Influence of catalytic activity
• The catalysts increase polymerization
time and can improve the yield of the
polymer.
• However, the activity of the catalyst
will decrease with reaction time.
• Maintaining catalytic activity by
adjusting temperature and pressure
For phosphoric acid catalysts on polymerization

•  Maintaining catalytic activity is achieved by adjusting the moisture

content of the raw material, the water content should be maintained
within limits such that the "free concentration" of in the catalyst is
between 16% and 18% ( The "free concentration" of is expressed as
the percentage of phosphoric acid extracted by cold water under
laboratory conditions).
• The amount of water in the material so that the concentration of is
so dependent on the temperature; in the range of 200 to 210
permissible water content (3,5 ÷ 4,0).