Mechanical Engineering

Design Process
By:
NOR FAZLI ADULL MANAN
FACULTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
UiTM SHAH ALAM
Objectives
 In general, knowing the phases in Mechanical
Engineering Design Process.
 To understand details of Conceptual Design
Phase
Content
 Definition of Engineering Design
 Phases of Design
 Conceptual Phase
 References
 Assignment
Engineering Design
 Engineering design is a creative and comprehensive
process
 Integrates mathematics, basic sciences, engineering
sciences, engineering economics and other subjects
 for the creation of components, systems, products
and processes to satisfy specific needs and
constraints.
 i.e. constraints include economic, safety, health,
environmental and social factors, the requirements
of standards and legislation, and other
considerations such as maintainability,
serviceability, and manufacturability.
Design Process
 3 phases involve:
 Conceptual Design phase

 Embodiment Design phase

 Details Design phase

Conceptual Design Phase

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4

Identify Gather Generating Concept
Problems Information concept Evaluation

Prob. Statement References Brainstorming Pugh concept

Benchmarking Electronic Media Functional Decision Matrix
QFD Internet decomposition Taguchi Method
PDS Morphological
chart
Problem Definition
 Most important steps in the engineering
design process.
 1. Identifying customer needs:
 a. Interview customers
 b. Focus group
 c. Customer survey
 d. Customer complaints
Benchmarking – method for measuring company operation
against the best company inside and outside of the
industries
 Select the product, process, or functional area that is to be
benchmark.
 Identify the performance metrics that will be measured and
used for comparison.
 Compare the best in class product or process with the in
house equivalent using the performance metrics
 Specified program and actions to meet an exceed the
competition.
QFD – Quality Function Deployment
 A planning and problem solving tool that is finding
growing acceptance for translating customer
requirements into engineering characteristics of a
product.
 A largely graphical method that systematically looks at
all the elements that go into the product definition.
 Helps organizations seek out both spoken and unspoken
needs.
 QFD links the needs of the customer (end user) with
design, development, engineering, manufacturing, and
service functions.
 Also known as ‘House of Quality’
PDS – Product Design Specification

 A statement of what a product to be designed is intended to

do.
 Its aim is to ensure the development of a product meets the
need of the users.
 The PDS is a specification of what is required but not the
specification of the product itself.
Gather Information
 Information from Internet
 Engineering URLs
 Patent Literature
 Intellectual Property
 Patents
 Handbook
Concept Generation
 Brainstorming
 Functional decomposition
 Morphological chart
Morphological chart
 Chart arranges a functions and sub-functions
in a logical order
 Each sub-function list the possible how

 Purpose to uncover combinations of ideas

that comprise design concepts that might not
ordinarily be generated
EVALUATION OF CONCEPTS
 1. Comparison Based on Absolute Criteria
 2. Pugh’s Concept Selection Method
 3. Weighted Decision Matrix
References
 NFam. 2007. Rekabentuk Tempat duduk
pintar. UKM.
 F, Mat. 2006. Engineering Design
Mechanical. UKM
 Dieter, G.E. 2000. Engineering Design: A
materials and processing approach. Ed.3:
McGraw-Hill.
 Cross, N.E. 1998. Mechanical Engineering
Design. Ed. 1: McGraw-Hill.
Assignment
 Download from I-Learn
 Evaluation concept
 Due: week 2 by 5pm
Cross, 1998
F, Mat 2006
 Kriteria Konsep 1 Konsep 2 Konsep 3 Kerusi
Standard

Tempat duduk:
Mekanisme yang mempunyai
+ - - D
banyak pilihan titik rehat dan
pergerakan yang lancar
Penyandar :
Keselesaan, mudah untuk diubah- + S - A
suai
Penyandar kepala:
Pergerakan yang mudah dan tidak S - + T
memenuhi ruang
Keselamatan pengguna:
S - - U
Ringkas dan selamat
Lokasi pengesan:
Pergerakan yang mudah dan + + - M
kestabilan pengesan terjamin
∑+
3 1 1

∑-
0 3 4

∑S
2 1 0
 Kerusi Kereta

Ubahsuai Ubahsuai Ubahsuai Keselamatan Memuatkan

Tempat Penyandar Penyandar Pengguna System
duduk Kepala Pengesan Sel
Beban

●Pergerakan ke ●Pergerakan ●Pergerakan ke ●Jenis ●Bentuk

depan & bersudut atas dan bawah ●Titik ubahsuai ●Pergerakan
belakang ●Bentuk ●Bentuk
●Bentuk ●Titik ubahsuai ●Titik ubahsuai
●Titik ubahsuai

Rajah 3.3: Penguraian Fungsi Pokok

NFAM, 2007