Chapter 2

Introduction to Management System Standards

 What is a system ?
What is a management system ?
Examples
Quality management?
Environment management?
Occupational Health and Safety management?
Information Security Management?
Food Safety Management?
Supply Chain Management?
Business Continuity Management?.....
Issue : Mar 2010 IMS Internal Auditor Course 2
 Process Approach Common concepts

Controls

Set of
Input Output
Activities

Resources

Issue : Mar 2010 IMS Internal Auditor Course 3

 System Approach ISO 9001:2008
Processes - interactions
Input
Output
Controls
Process Process
A C

Process Process
B D

Same concept can be extended

to EMS & OHSMS

Issue : Mar 2010 IMS Internal Auditor Course 4

 Management System
Information
ISO 27001 Security

ISO 14001 Environment

Requirements OHSAS 18001 Health & Safety
of Society SA 8000 Social Accountability

TS 16949 Automobile
TL 9000 Telecom
Sector EN 9100 Aeronautical
requirements ISO 22000
Food

ISO Manufacturing
Market access 9001 Services

Issue : Mar 2010 IMS Internal Auditor Course 5

 What is an integrated
management system?

Why do we need system integration?

Issue : Mar 2010 IMS Internal Auditor Course 6

 Integration of QHSE systems

No international
standard
available for
ISO integration
14001
Need of
OHSAS organizations
18001 maintaining more
than one
management
systems
Issue : Mar 2010 IMS Internal Auditor Course 7
 Environmental Issues
•Universal significance
•Complex
•Economic Links
Examples -
Global warming
Depletion of the ozone layer
Loss of biodiversity
Air pollution
Water pollution
Waste

► Meeting the needs of the current generation without compromising

the ability of future generations to meet their needs (Brundtland
commission, 1987)

►Overall aim of ISO 14001:

 environmental protection in balance with socio-economic needs

Issue : Mar 2010 IMS Internal Auditor Course 8

 What is Health and Safety?

► The dictionary defines the words health and safety as follows:

 Health - the condition of body or mind

 Safety - not being exposed to danger or risks

► From OHSAS perspective, Health and Safety aims at preventing

accidents and ill health due to work-related or occupational activities.

►Work related ill health is:

‘Identifiable, adverse physical or mental condition arising from and/or

made worse by a work activity and/or work related situation’
Work related ill health may be temporary or permanent
Issue : Mar 2010 IMS Internal Auditor Course 9
 Human Costs
► The ILO estimates that there are over 250 million work-related
accidents which result in time-off occur every year 685,000 per
day, or 475 per minute, 8 per second.
► 3000 people are killed at work per day, or 2 per minute.

► 160 Million new cases of work related ill health every year.

Financial Costs
•ILO Estimates that some 4% of global GDP is lost due to
Occupational accidents and ill health – that is staggering US $
1,251,353 million.

Most
Most of
of the
the incidents
incidents could
could be
be attributed
attributed to
to ‘behavioral’
‘behavioral’ safety
safety

Issue : Mar 2010 IMS Internal Auditor Course 10

 Accidents Causing Injuries U.K. 2005/2006

Lost Time Accidents

over 3 days
Other
20%

Handling
Walking into 41%
4%
Being Hit
11%

Trips, slips
falls
24%

Issue : Mar 2010 IMS Internal Auditor Course 11

 Accident Pyramid

Source: ILO Introductory report

2002
Issue : Mar 2010 IMS Internal Auditor Course 12
 Introduction

► Comparisons between national competitiveness and levels of safety

indicate that better safety and health equals better national Productivity

Source: INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION. Safe and healthy workplaces.

Issue : Mar 2010Making decent work a reality. The ILO ReportIMS
for Internal
World Day for Safety
Auditor and Health at
Course 13
Work. Geneva, 2007
 Drivers & Benefits
EMS
► assurance to customers
► good public/community relations
► access to capital
► enhancing image and market share ► Increases in the numbers of
► vendor certification criteria
► improving cost control
► reducing liability
► conserving materials and energy
► obtaining permits/authorisations
► improving government-industry
relations
Issue : Mar 2010
OHSMS
► The costs of occupational accidents
and ill health are prohibitive – (If you
think safety is too expensive, try an
accident.)
successful claims for compensation
against organisations
► Insurance premia
► Ever stricter legislation and bigger
fines
► Customer pressure and access to
market place.
► Industrial relations and staff morale
► Public relations
► Moral imperative
IMS Internal Auditor Course 14
 Continual Improvement

The Improvement Cycle

system

D P
C A Act Plan

d it Check Do
au

time

Issue : Mar 2010 IMS Internal Auditor Course 15

 ISO 14001/OHSAS 18001:2007 Process Model EMS Model

Continual
Continual
Improvement
Improvement
Environmental/OH&S
Management Policy
Review Planning

Checking Implementation
& Operations

Issue : Mar 2010 IMS Internal Auditor Course 16

 ISO 14001 Intent ISO 14001 Scope

► Environmental protection & Pollution prevention.

► Develop and implement a policy and objectives

► Meet legal and other requirements

► Develop and implement information about significant environmental

aspects.

► Improve environmental performance

Issue : Mar 2010 IMS Internal Auditor Course 17

 OHSAS 18001 Intent ISO 14001 Scope

► Prevention of injury & ill health

► Develop and implement a policy and objectives

► Meet legal and other requirements

► Develop information and measures for unacceptable OH&S risks.

► Improve OH&S performance

Issue : Mar 2010 IMS Internal Auditor Course 18

 To summarize…. System Integration

► Requirements are generic irrespective to the type and size of the

organization

► Criteria for environment/ OH&S performance not stated.

► Alignment with standards/ specification exists

► Bureau Veritas has developed guidelines for system integration

Issue : Mar 2010 IMS Internal Auditor Course 19