IRON AGE

SETTLEMEN
TS
PAGE 26 AND 27
PREPARED BY: MS STEPHANIE CROSS
 IRON AGE TRIBAL KINGDOMS
● People formed groups or clans.

● These people belonged to tribes (groups).

● Different tribes fought over lands.

● They also stole things such as cattle from

each other.
● Each tribe had a powerful chief.

● The tribal chief had many responsibilities.

● They led and organised the tribe.

● They defended the tribe’s land.

● They also trained people to fight other tribes.

● They made sure that people followed the rules of the

tribe.
AN IRON AGE VILLAGE
● Most people still lived in the countryside.

● Settlements often had just a few homes surrounded by fields.

● Most people worked on the land.

● Men ploughed the fields, went hunting and fishing.

● They also dug peat for fuel.

● The most important special job was metal-working.

● They stored enough food for the winter months when nothing
grew.

● Women milked cows or goats, made cheese and prepared dried

fish and meat.

● They ground grain to make bread and porridge.

● Many women were skilled at making pottery and weaving

clothes.
● Children helped with jobs around the house and the farm.

● They cleaned, collected firewood and water.

● They collected berries and spread manure on the fields.

● They looked after the animals and cleaned the stables.

● Everyone spent a lot of time harvesting crops.

SPREADING MANURE

animal dung used

for fertilizing land.
 IRON AGE
ROUNDHOUSE
● In many countries in Europe, people built roundhouses.

● The roundhouses were made from local materials.

● People chose the round shape because it was very strong.

FIGHTING TRIBES
OR TRADERS?
 IRON AGE WARRIORS
● Well-trained man

● Sometimes, women need to join the battle.

● They carried a sword and a shield.

● Some wore helmet to look taller.

● Some blew horns.

● Some spiked their hair and dyed white.

● Before a battle, they shouted and screamed.

● They banged their swords and shields.

● They made all these noises to scare the enemy.

● Some of them rode horseback, and chariots.

 HILL FORTS
● Some tribes built hill forts.

● These were areas of high ground with walls and

ditches built around them.

● Some lived permanently inside the hill fort.

● Tribes people from surrounding villages moved into

the hill fort if they were attacked.
 TRADE
● Trading took place where people exchange goods.

● People started using coins only at the end of Iron

Age.

● People bought and sold goods for money.

● Items that people traded world wide were:

a. Tin, copper, salt (basic goods)

b. Grains, olive (food goods)

c. Incense, silk, spices (precious goods)

d. Textiles, glass, beads, jewellery, special pottery

(manufactured goods)
THE END OF AN IRON AGE
● It ended when Romans invaded Europe.

● Caeser invaded Gaul ( large part of Western Europe

during the Iron Age)

● Gaul was invaded in 51 BCE.

● Britain was invaded in 43 CE.

● Iron Age continued in places which was not invaded

by the Romans.
THANK YOU