THE INTEGRATION OF DISASTER

RISK REDUCTION (DRR) INTO

SCHOOL-BASED CURRICULUM

Ms. Diah Harianti

Director of Curriculum and
Text Book Development Center
Office of Research and Development
The Ministry Of National Education
February 2011
 INTRODUCTION
 Indonesia is the largest archipelago
country in the world.
 Located in a region called ‘the ring of
fire’ where risky natural disasters
happen, such as tsunamis, earthquakes,
volcanic eruptions, floods, fires and
landslides.
Map of Earthquake Disaster Risk Index
Map of Tsunami Disaster Risk Index
Map of Floods Disaster Risk Index
Map of Settlements and Buildings Fires
Disaster Risk Index
Map of Forest and Land Fires Disaster
Risk Index
Map of Landslide Disaster Risk Index
Map of Volcanic Eruption Disaster
Risk Index
Percentage of People Affected by Disasters
by Type of Disaster (1980 - 2008)
 INTRODUCTION (Cont’d)

 In Indonesia, the natural disasters have caused

thousands of deaths, material losses and
caused many people to struggle to rebuild
homes and livelihoods.
 Indonesia has issued Law No. 4 Year of 2007
on Disaster Management and the government
has set a Disaster Management Plan, which is
coordinated by the National Disaster
Management Agency.
 INTRODUCTION (Cont’d)

 Experience has shown that the destruction caused by

disaster can be drastically reduced if all people are
more alert to face disasters.
 School function not only as a center to give
knowledge but also the center to implant the skills to
learners to survive whenever they face disaster.
 The Ministry of National Education has, therefore,
launched the Strategy for Disaster Risk Reduction
Mainstreaming in school.
 Strategy of Disaster Risk Reduction
Mainstreaming in school.
a. The empowerment of institution role as well as those
in school, such as the head master, teachers, students,
etc.
b. The integration of strategy to reduce risky disaster
into formal education curriculum and into both intra
and extra curricular.
c. The development of partnership and network to
sustain the implementation of the way how to reduce
disaster risk in school.
 THE STRATEGY OF
INTEGRATION EDUCATION OF
REDUCE RISK DISASTER INTO
SCHOOL-BASED CURRICULUM
AIM OF NASIONAL EDUCATION
Article 3 UURI No.20 Year of 2003 on National Education System

National Education :
Function to develop ability and form character and also
civilization of prestigious nation in order to educating life of nation
Aim to develop educative participant potency in order to be human
being which:
 believe in God,
 good behavior
 healthy,
 knowledgeable,
 skillful,
 creative,
 independent , and
 be democratic citizen and also
 responsible
 CHILD RIGHTS
 Every child deserves to get
security
 Every child deserves to get good
education
 4 PILLARS UNESCO
EDUCATION

 Learn how to know,

 learn how to do,
 learn how live together,
 learn how to be.
 EDUCATION FOR DISASTER RISK
REDUCTION
 What is E-DRR? It is an effort to overcome and
reduce the risk of disasters (natural and social).
 Why? The geographical position of Indonesia and the
diversity of the country in term of religion, ethnicity
and social-economic class.
 Who? All students, primarily the students who live in
areas which are very high risk of disaster.
 Platform? 1) Act No. 24 Year of 2007 on Disaster
Management and 2) the National Action Plan for
Disaster Risk Reduction.
 WHAT IS SCHOOL-BASED
CURRICULUM?
 Operational curriculum that organized and implemented in
each educational unit/school (elementary, junior and senior
secondary school)
 School-based Curriculum was developed in accordance with:
 School condition
 Potential local/regional characteristics
 Local culture
 Needs and conditions of learners
 School-based Curriculum developed by the school
 Development of School-based Curriculum refers to the
National Education Standards, primarily Content Standards
and Competency for Graduates Standards
 Curriculum Structure of Elementary School

Components Class and Time Allocation

I II III IV, V, and VI
A. Subject
1. Religious Education 3
2. Citizenship Education 2
3. Indonesian 5
4. Mathematics 5
5. Natural Sciences 4
6. Social sciences 3
7. Arts Culture and Skills 4
8. Physical Education, Sport and Health
4

B. Local Content 2
C. Self Development Program 2*)
Total 26 27 28 32
 Curriculum Structure of Junior High School
Components Class and Time Allocation
VII VIII IX
A. Subject
1. Religious education 2 2 2
2. Citizenship Education 2 2 2
3. Indonesian 4 4 4
4. English 4 4 4
5. Mathematics 4 4 4
6. Natural Sciences 4 4 4
7. Social sciences 4 4 4
8. Arts Culture 2 2 2
9. Physical Education, Sport and Health 2 2 2
10. Skill / Information Technology and 2 2 2
Communications.
B. Local Content 2 2 2
C. Self Development Program 2*) 2*) 2*)

Total 32 32 32
DRR Can Be Taught Through:

 LOCAL CONTENT CURRICULUM

(LCC)
 SELF DEVELOPMENT

 INTEGRATION WITH SUBJECT

MATTER
 1. DRR IS TAUGHT IN LCC

 Could be special subjects that are taught at the LCC

based on the local needs and potential.

 Competency Standards and Basic Competence should

be developed by individual school or schools which
are located on the same area or adjacent to each other.

 The development of LCC should be approved by

district level of education authority
 The Procedure of
the Development of LCC:

 Need analysis of local potential (social,

culture and natural).
 Development of standard competency
and basic competency.
 Development of guideline (syllabus and
lesson plan).
2. DRR Is Taught Through Self Development
Program

 DRR can be taught in self development activities as

programmed learning.
 Counseling services and support counseling
activities
 Extracurricular activities

 Form of activity can be either the socialization or

training within a certain time.
 Education Unit can plan and incorporate it in the
school academic calendar.
3. DRR IS TAUGHT INTEGRATED
IN SUBYECT MATTERS

 Through all of subject matters

 Subject matters teacher’s should be prepared
with their sylabus and lesson plan
Procedure of the integration of DRR Material to
the Subject Matters

 Identification of Learning Materials on DRR

 Analysis of Basic Competency which can be

Integrated with the DRR

 Develop an Integrated Syllabus of DRR

 Develop Lesson Plan

MODULE OF DRR INTEGRATION TO CURRICULUM

Flood Land slide Fires Tsunami Earth-

quakes

Elementary  1 Training manual and materials

 15 Module of DRR Integration
 3 Forms of integration:
Yunior
Secondary  integration in the existing subjects;

 in LCC; and

 in Self development program

Senior
secondary
 Material disaster:
 BEFORE (prevention),

 DURING the disaster and

 AFTER (trauma healing, etc.)

EXAMPLES OF DRR MATERIALS OF LANDSLIDE
No STAGE OF DISASTER LEARNING MATERIALS
EVENTS
1. BEFORE the disaster Knowledge of the natural environment (soil, rock).
occurred. Knowledge of the types of landslides.
Knowledge of areas vulnerable landslides.
Knowledge about the things that cause landslides.
Knowledge about the things that can prevent landslides.
Knowledge about nature conservation.

2. When Disaster Knowledge of the common symptoms of landslides.

OCCURRED. Knowledge and skills about self-rescue efforts at landslide.
Knowledge of the available parties to assistance when
landslides occur.

3. AFTER the disaster Knowledge of the threat of aftershocks disaster.

occurred. Knowledge of the evacuation of the landslide victims.
 Examples of Indicators of Student Behavior For Learning
Earthquake Risk Reduction

SCHOOL LEARNING MATERIALS INDICATORS OF STUDENT

BEHAVIOUR
Elementary Action Before Earthquake occurred
•Definition of disaster • Identify dangerous places when the
•Type of disaster earthquake.
•Geographic condition of Indonesia • Know the safe places when the
•Earthquake Event earthquake.
•The signs of earthquake • Know the dangerous objects when an
•Earthquake strength earthquake happens.
•Safe places and dangerous when an earthquake • Know the things that are useful when an
happens earthquake happens.
•Objects that pose a threat • Distinguish signs of earthquakes and
•Self-Rescue guide earthquake forces

Elementary Action when Earthquake occurred • Know the signs of earthquake

•The signs of earthquake • Perform ways to flee
•How to self-rescue • Perform self-rescue methods: closed
head, crouching, hiding

Elementary Action after Earthquake

• Finding a safe place • Perform how to find a safe place
• Finding the location of evacuation • Perform the way to refugee camps
Occurred