The Visual Arts:

Painting
Presented by - Romeo , Ralph, and Josh
Grade 12
 WHAT IS
PAINTING?
What is Painting?
-this is an image or artwork using pigments or colors on a surface such as
paper or canvas.

-the pigment may be in a wet form like paint or a dry form like pastels.

-it is the expression of ideas and emotions.

FUNCTION
S OF
PAINTING
Functions Of Painting
PHYSICAL PERSONAL
LINES
SOCIAL SHAPES
COLOURS
TONES
TEXTURES
Painting
Media
 Painting Media
6 Major Media Painting

● Encaustic
● Tempera
● Fresco
● Oil
● Acrylic
● Watercolor
1. Encaustic
● Encaustic painting is an ancient technique, dating back
to the Greeks, who used wax to caulk ship hulls.
Pigmenting the wax gave rise to the decorating of
warships. The use of encaustic on panels rivaled the
use of tempera in what are the earliest known portable
easel paintings.
● Encaustic is best applied to wood, and variety of other
surfaces. The wax can be thick or thin, translucent,
clear or opaque, molded, scraped, carved or etched
into. Damar tree resin is added to the wax as a
hardening agent.
2. Tempera
● Tempera (also called egg tempera) paint is a
permanent, fast-drying painting medium consisting of
colored pigment mixed with egg yolk and water.
Because egg tempera dries so quickly, painting with it
requires the painting to be worked section by section.
Clean up with soap and water. Egg tempera painting
was the main method of applying paint to panel until
after 1500 when it was superseded by the invention of
oil painting. Tempera paintings are very long lasting
and colors do not deteriorate over time.
3. Fresco
● A fresco painting is a work of wall or ceiling art
created by applying pigment onto intonaco, or a thin
layer of plaster. Its title translates to “fresh” in Italian,
as a true fresco's intonaco is wet when the paint is
applied.
● Fresco is a mural painting technique that involves
painting with water-based paint directly onto wet
plaster so that the paint becomes an integral part of the
plaster.

There are three types of Fresco

● Buon (true)
● Secco (dry)
● Mezzo (Medium)
4. Oil
● Oil paint is a type of slow-drying paint that contains
ground pigment (color) suspended in a natural drying
oil (binder), commonly linseed oil. However the
binder can also be walnut oil, poppyseed oil, or many
other forms of oils from plants. The artist uses
turpentine or mineral spirits for cleaning oil paint from
brushes. Oil paint has been the dominant medium
since the 1500’s. The richness and glow that oil gives
to the color pigments is what makes oil paint a popular
choice with many painters.
5. Acrylic
● Acrylic paint is a man-made, water-soluble paint
containing pigment suspension in acrylic polymer
emulsion. Even though they are water-soluble, they
become water-resistant after they have dried. Depending
on how thickly the paint is applied to canvas, an acrylic
painting can resemble a watercolor or an oil painting.
Clean up involves using soap and water. Acrylic paints are
popular with many painters because of their fast-drying
qualities.
● Water-based acrylic paint is composed of pigment
particles dispersed in an acrylic polymer emulsion. There
are three main components in any acrylic paint:
1. Pigment
2. Binder
3. Vehicle
6. Watercolor
● Watercolor is a water-based painting compound that
can be either transparent or opaque. The pigment is
suspended in a binder, generally natural gum arabic. It
is a moist paint that comes in a tube, thinned using
water and mixed on a dish or palette. Use them on
paper and other absorbent surfaces that have been
primed to accept water-based paint. Uses soap and
water for easy cleanup.
Elements of
Painting
1. Line
When looking at any artwork, each edge between different color or shapes can be seen as
a line.

Used to communicate a sense of movement, energy, or stillness.

It’s very important to be aware of lines.

Not so easy to grow awareness of how some lines can be distracting or even ruin a
composition.
2. Shape
3. Design
4. Value
5. Color
6. Form
Example of contemporary
Philippine painting
● 19th Century. Juan Luna. The
painting features a glimpse of
Roman history centered on the
bloody carnage brought by
gladiatorial matches.
Spoliarium is a Latin word
referring to the basement of the
Roman Colosseum where the
fallen and dying gladiators are
dumped and devoid of their
worldly possessions.
● “Spain and the Philippines” in
translation, is an 1886 oil on wood
by Filipino painter, ilustrado, and
revolutionary activist, Juan Luna. It
is an allegorical depiction of two
women together, one a
representation of Spain and the other
of the Philippines.
● His Madonna of the
Slums is a portrayal of a
mother and child from the
countryside who became
urban shanty residents
once in the city. In his
Jeepneys, Manansala
combined the elements of
provincial folk culture
with the congestion issues
of the city.
● Las Virgenes
Cristianas Expuestas
al Populacho is a
"landmark painting"
depicting the
persecution of
Christians in Ancient
Rome. ... One of the
women is posed seated
naked at the
foreground of the
painting with her