FINAL PROJECT REPORT

•NGUYỄN VĂN NHÂN 16145037

•HOÀNG NGỌC MINH QUÝ 17145050
•VÕ KHÁNH ĐẠT 17145012
•TRẦN HOÀNG PHONG 16145038
•VƯƠNG QUANG LỘC 16145031
•NGUYỄN ĐỨC HUY 17145024
 INTRODUCTION
HISTORY & GENERAL RATING
RATING CALCULATION
 INTRODUCTION
HISTORY & GENERAL RATING
RATING CALCULATION
 INTRODUCTION
HISTORY & GENERAL RATING
RATING CALCULATION
HISTORY & GENERAL RATING
1. The History of New Acessment Programmes
 2. Road map for safer cars 2020

NCAP’s promote a ‘market for

safety’ by rating awareness of
the car buying public and
rewarding manufactuers that - Almost all modern cars
build the safest cars. There are have CAN
now nine NCAP is active in
Asia, Australia, Europe, Latin - Reliability
American and the USA. Global
NCAP provide a platform for
cooperation among NCAP’s
and supports their development
in rapaid motoring ragions.

9
 Encouraging the best
By 2020 NCAP want to see all new cars in production
practice application of
exceeding minimum United Nation crash test
automotive design and
standards, for pedestrian protection, and for
technology in all regions of
electronic stability control.
the world

Objective and Mission Statement of NCAP

Promote vehicle safety

Support the UN Sustainable
technologies with proven Support improvements in
Development Goals and the
effectiveness and encourage vehicle emissions reduction
target to halve road deaths
their accelerated use across and fuel efficiency.
and injuries by 2020
the globe
 Euro NCAP result
example for Toyota Vios
brand in Asean market

The Tesla Model 3 was

granted a perfect 5-Star rating
by the Euro NCAP in all four of
its safety tests’ categories:
Adult Occupant Protection,
Child Occupant Protection;
Vulnerable Road Users, and
Safety Assist
 ASEAN NCAP result
example for Vinfast
brand in Asean market

Test includes:
-AOP (Adult Occuppant
Protection) for both driver and
front passenger
-COP (Child Occuppant
Protection)
-SA (Safety assist)
RATING CALCULATION
OVERALL RATING CALCULATION

Year 2020 – 2022 2023 – 2024

Box 1: Adult Occupant Protection 40% 40%

Box 2: Child Occupant Protection 20% 20%

Box 3: Pedestrian Protection 20% 20%

Box 4: Safety Assist 20% 20%

Weight Factor
Full Scale Test Critical Body Regions

Frontal MPDB Head & Neck and Chest

Frontal FW Head, Neck (driver only) and Chest

Side MDB Head, Chest, Abdomen and Pelvis

Side Pole Head, Chest, Abdomen and Pelvis

Farside (Occupant-to-Occupant) Head

2020 – 2022 Box 1: Box 2: Box 3: Box 4:

Pedestrian
Adult Occupant Child Occupant Safety Assist

5 stars 80% 80% 60% 70%

4 stars 70% 70% 50% 60%

3 stars 60% 60% 40% 50%

2 stars 50% 50% 30% 40%

1 stars 40% 40% 20% 30%

TESTING
PROTOCO
L
• Frontal Impact • Rear Impact
• Lateral Impact • Rescue and Extrication
 FRONTAL IMPACT

Mobile Progressive Deformable Barrier (2020) Full Width Rigid Barrier (2015)
• Car speed: 50 km/h • Car speed: 50 km/h
• 50 percent overlap • Full overlap
• Hit the deformable barrier mounted on an • Hit the wall
oncoming 1400 kg trolley travelling at 50 km/h • Helped to reduce lower leg and head
• Estimate the risk of head, neck, chest and injuries, severe injuries,…
abdominal injury
 Isuzu D-
MAX 2020

Audi A3
2020
LATERAL IMPACT

Side Mobile Barrier (1997, Upgraded in 2020) Side Pole (2001, Upgraded in 2020)

• Deformable barrier is mounted on a trolley • Car is propelled sideways at 32 km/h

and is driven at 60 km/h against a rigid, narrow pole
• Test the strengthening the structures of • Car’s ability to protect the driver’s head
vehicles around the B-pillar, curtain airbags,
energy-absorbing structures
Far-Side Impact
(2020)
• Install two front seat occupants in
either the full-scale frame
• Test the center airbag
WITHOUT CENTER AIRBAG HAVING CENTER AIRBAG
REAR IMPACT

• Whiplash injuries: rapid and excessive

distortion of the spine
• Tested on a sled using a low-speed
rear-impact dummy

Whiplash (2009,Upgraded in 2020)

RESCUE AND
EXTRICATION (2020)

• Post-crash safety plays a critical role in crash

survival
• Door-opening forces are measured
• Doors which auto-lock are checked to see that
the lock has released
• Forces needed to unlatch seatbelts are
measured
• eCall and/or multi-collision braking
• CRS Performance • CRS Installation Check
• Vehicle Provisions
 CRS Performance
(1997, Upgraded in
2016)

•CRS: child restraint seat

•1,000 children die in road traffic
accidents on European roads each year
•Child dummies representing 6- and 10-
year-old children.
Vehicle Provisions (1997, Upgraded in 2016) “i-Size” labeling

• All child restraints must pass certain tests before they can go on sale
• The newest European standard for child restraints is known as i-Size
CRS Installation Check
(2013, Upgraded in 2016)

• Seat belt length, belt buckle location,

ISOFIX anchorage accessibility and CRS
stability
• The vehicle will be rewarded if the
seats on the list can be installed
correctly and easily on all suitable
seating positions in the vehicle
• Head impact • Lower Leg Impact
• Upper Leg Impact • AEB Pedestrian
• AEB Cyclist
Head impact Upper Leg Impact

Lower Leg Impact

AEB Pedestrian (Introduced in 2016, updated in 2020):

• Autonomous Emergency Braking testing

• Usual situation in the real life

AEB Cyclist (Introduced in 2018, updated in 2020)

• Euro NCAP tests several scenarios in which a

cyclist is crossing the path of the test vehicle

• The car may also utilise Autonomous

Emergency Steering (AES), Emergency Steering
Support (ESS)
• AEB Car-to-CarUpper Leg Impact • Speed Assistance Systems
• Occupant Status Monitoring • Lane Support - Emergency Lane Keeping
• Combine points awarded AEB Car-to-Car (2014, updated in 2020)

in Adult Occupant
Protection for low-speed
systems (AEB City) and in
Safety Assist for those
that were effective at
highway speeds (AEB
Interurban)

Additional scenario
Occupant Status Monitoring (Introduced in 2002, updated in 2020)

Seatbelt alarm Driver drowsiness detection

speed assistance systems
(2009, updated in 2018)

•Informing the driver on the present speed

limit;
•Warning the driver when the car’s speed is
above the set speed threshold;
•Actively preventing the car from exceeding
or maintaining the set speed.
Lane Support - Emergency Lane Keeping (2014, updated in 2018)
AIRBAG
SYSTEM
 An airbag is a vehicle occupant-restraint

Air-Bag
system using a bag designed to inflate extremely
quickly, deflate after during a collision .
The purpose of the airbag is to provide a
system vehicle occupant with a soft cushioning and
restraint during a crash event.
Airbags are considered "passive" restraints.

Place Your Picture Here And Send To Back

 History
Walter Linderer's Broad
invention and commercial
patented adoption
1941 1970s

1953 1980s-1990s
First
Airbags were
commercial
first applied in
designs
the auto
industry
Airbag control unit

The control unit is

the heart of the
airbag system and is
installed centrally in
the vehicle. It can
generally be found
Control unit
in the dashboard
area, on the centre
tunnel.
 Airbag control unit
It is responsible for Detecting accidents.
the following

Triggering the necessary firing

circuits in a timely manner.

Control unit Running self-diagnostics on the entire

system.

Connecting to other control units via the CAN bus.

Crash sensor

Depending on the airbag system

and the number of airbags installed,
the crash or acceleration sensors
are installed either directly in the
control unit or as satellites in the
vehicle front end or at the side of the
vehicle.
Crash sensor design
Safing Sensor

The safing sensor is responsible

for preventing the airbags being
deployed unintentionally.
It is series-connected with the
front sensors. The safing sensor is
integrated into the airbag control
unit.
 CLASSFICATION OF AIRBAG
front
airbag

airbag

side airbag
Font airbag
Front airbags are designed to inflate in
moderate to severe frontal crashes to
prevent a person's head and chest
from contacting hard structures in the
vehicle.

Some manufacturers provide

supplemental knee airbags, mounted
lower. Knee airbags are intended to
distribute impact forces to reduce leg
injuries.
SIDE AIRBAG
A head-protecting side airbag is particularly
important because it may be the only thing between
the occupant's head and the striking vehicle, since
window glass can shatter in a crash.

Because of the small space between an occupant

and the side of the vehicle, side airbags must deploy
very quickly, typically within the first 10-20
milliseconds of a side crash. Deployment thresholds
can be as low as 8 mph for narrow object crashes
(e.g., trees and poles) and 18 mph for the more
widely distributed side impacts (vehicle-to-vehicle
crashes). Side airbags also deploy in certain types of
frontal crashes.
AIRBAG INNOVATIONS
Inflatable seat belts

Front-center airbag

As technology advances, Panoramic sunroof airbag

manufacturers are finding
new ways to integrate airbags
into vehicles. Seat cushion airbag

External hood airbag

Motorcycle airbag
AIRBAG INNOVATIONS
The inflatable seat belt is intended to enhance
protection for adults and for children using booster
seats or seat belts alone. In a crash, the shoulder belt
inflates, distributing crash forces across the torso and
chest.

General Motors has developed a front-center airbag

intended to prevent front passengers from colliding
with each other during side-impact crashes and to
maintain occupant position in far-side or rollover
crashes.
AIRBAG INNOVATIONS

In 2017, Hyundai Mobis, an automotive supplier,

introduced the first panoramic roof curtain airbag.
It is intended to prevent ejection of occupants
through the sunroof during rollovers

Seat cushion airbags are designed to reduce forces

on an occupant's chest and abdomen by controlling
movement of the occupant's body. Currently, the
Toyota Yaris comes equipped with a seat cushion
airbag.
AIRBAG INNOVATIONS
Volvo developed the first hood airbag designed
for pedestrian protection. When a collision with
a pedestrian is detected, an external airbag
deploys from under the hood and covers the
hard parts of the windshield and the A-pillar,
locations that pedestrians frequently strike

A frontal airbag is offered as an option on 2006

and later models of Honda's Gold Wing touring
motorcycle. Honda's airbag is designed to
deploy in severe frontal impacts and absorb
some of the forward energy of the driver. No
studies have been conducted on the real-world
effectiveness of motorcycle airbags.
LIVES
SAVED
FROM
AIRBAG