Water Supply in Earthquake Affected Areas of Chinese Sichuan Province

3rd year civil student: Cheng Yi UID:7385183

Supervisor : Dr Robert. Young
cheng.yi@student.manchester.ac.uk

Introduction Introduction of Sichuan earthquake in 2008 Effects and damages brought by earthquake
Earthquake hazard can cause widespread damage •Water supply system
to various lifeline facilities especially for water 8462 water supply plants and 47624.5 kilometer pipes were damaged
supply system and natural water resource. After ( China Earthquake Administration,2008)
earthquake, people has difficulties to access to
drinking water for survival, water supply system is Fig Damaged water supply network
also very vulnerable to contaminants due to in Pengzhou City which is in worst-hit
rupture of water pipe or some other reasons, and areas
various water borne diseases prevail because of Damaged point of network
inadequate sanitation and hygiene conditions as a Main urban water pipe
large number of population suddenly gathers in Road
refugee camp
Fig Effect of Sichuan earthquake in 2008 on worst-hit regions http
Research Aim ://chinadigitaltimes.net/china/cnn/
• Water resource of Sichuan province before Date May.12. 2008
earthquake Magnitude 7.9 •Dam & Reservoir
•Effect of earthquake on water resource and Maximum intensity 11 There are 1672 dams in Sichuan Province by the end of 2007 and 1222
damage on water supply and hydraulic facilities Epicenter Wenchuan, Ngawa in Sichuan dams of them are damaged by earthquake.(Department of Water
•Relief , Recovery and upgrade works of water province Resource of Sichuan Province, 2008)
3 26
supply and sanitation efforts done after Casualties 69142 dead, and 17511 missing
earthquake (by July.24.2008) Large dam
•Other countries' works on water supply in 27%
Property lost 845.1 billion RMB ( about 76.8 Medium dam
earthquake and comparison between it and billion pound) (by Sep.9.2008)
Sichuan earthquake
73%
1193
Introduction of Sichuan •General information of Sichuan Province
located in the upper reach of the Yangtze River and the hinterland of Damaged dam Small dam
province and water resource Southwest China and the capital city is Chengdu.
With an area of 485,000 square kilometers and a population of over 87 Fig Damaged dams in Sichuan earthquake and its classifications
million. •Earthquake lake
•Economy: Wang, et.al (2008, p192) state that
GDP is 9th in China but GDP per capita is only 24th due to large total 34 large lakes are formed by the
population earthquake. They scatter along river
•Climate valleys in the Longmen Mountain in
Eastern area: subtropical monsoon climate with long summers and Sichuan. They are filled by the rivers
short, dry and cloudy winters. Western area: mountainous climate with resulting in the rise of eater level.
very cold winters and plenty of sunshine These newly formed lakes have
•Water resource irregular dams consisting of loose
Fig Main rivers in Sichuan province rocks and soil. They are the potential
Sichuan is rich in water resources and its per capita water resources are
higher than the national average. The 73% of water resource is from dangers to downstream cities or
natural runoff. Fig Earthquake lake formed in villages.
1.5 3.5 Beichuan city ( BBC News, 2008)
Catchment Area Area Average Water Water Water Water
11.5 Basin (10 km ) Percent
4 2
Water resource resource resource resource
(%) resource Amount Utilizing Utilizing For per Natural water resource
Amount Percent Amount Percent Capita
(108m3) (%) In 2002 (%) in2002
(108m3) (m3)
94.22
Sichuan 48.5 2547.58 208.22
Province
Jinsha River 19.1 39.4 847.00 33.2 19.10 9.2 13871
water from upper river reaches Ming &Tuo 15.2 31.3 995.25 39.1 116.72 56.1 2274
Underground water resource River
Marshes Jialing River 10.2 21.0 500.84 19.7 58.75 28.2 1024
Lake Other 2.3 4.7 153.72 6.0 13.20 6.3 1654
Fig Main compositions of water Yangtze River
tributaries
resource in Sichuan
Fig Water resource distributions according to catchment Basin and water resource
consumption in Sichuan Province