SULFONAMIDES

 First Antibacterial agent (AMAs)

 Inhibits folic acid synthesis.
 Introduced in 1935

Commonly prescribed sulfonamides include:

• Sulfadiazine (generic)
• Sulfisoxazole (Gantrisin)
• Sulfasalazine (Azulfidine)
• Contrimoxazole (Septra, Bactrim)

Gerhard Domagk (1895–1964)

 SULFONAMIDES
Therapeutic Actions
 Folic Acid - synthesized by bacteria from the substrate, para-amino-benzoic acid (PABA), and
cell growth
 Sulfonamides - competitively inhibit the union of PABA with pteridine

Targets:
 Gram-positive Aerobes ( S. Pyogenes, Pneumococcus, Nocardia)
 Gram-negative Aerobes ( E. Coli, Salmonella, Chlamydia Trachomatis)
 No Activity Against Pseudomonas
 No Activity against Anaerobes
 SULFONAMIDES
Indications
 Used to treat bacterial and some fungal infections.
 Urinary tract infections (UTIs) and STD
 Bronchitis
 Bacterial meningitis
 Pneumonia,
 Severe burns
 Trachoma and other conditions.