English

Presentation
Anggun Triria Rohpuspita
XII Mipa 2
Table of Contents

1. If Clause
2. Procedure
text
3. Inspiring
song
 01
IF
CLAUSE
● If we are talking about If Clause, we are talking about a conditional
sentence which consists of two parts:
a. Main Clause
b. If Clause
● There are two forms of Conditional Clause:

1. Present Real

Stating something that might happen now (Present) or in the

future (Future) if a certain condition is fulfilled / fulfilled. We use If + S
+ V1 in If Clause, and S + will / can / my + V1 in Main Clause.
Example :
 If she comes, I will go with her.
(Probably she comes)
 If it rains, the children can play at home.
(Probably it rains)

2. Present Unreal

Stating something that is contrary to the current situation. We use

If + S + V2 in If Clause and S + would / could / might + V1 in Main
Clause.
 Example :
 If the came, I would go with her.
(She lecturer't come, so I will not go with her)
 If it rained, the children could play at home.
(It doesn't rain, so the children can't play at home)

In this type 2 conditional we use were for to be (applies to all subjects).

Example:
If i were you, i would go with him.
(I am not you, so I will not go with him).

We can remove the if and move the were to the front of the sentence.
 02
PROCEDURE
TEXT
Do you know how to write procedure text? The steps for writing a good and correct
procedural text :

● Determine what topics will be created.

● Collect sources of information and write an outline.
● Developing the information that has been obtained and thinking about the steps.
● Specifies the title.
● Compile the complete text of the procedure.
How many kinds of
procedure text?

1. Simple Procedure 3. Protocol

Text Procedure Tetx
Simple procedure text A protocol text is a
contains only two or three procedure text whose steps
steps. are very simple and easy to
understand.
2. Complex
Procedure Text
Complex procedure text
consists of many steps and
levels for each stage.
Generic Structure of
Procedure Text Steps/Menthods
Material
Aim/ Goal
Contains the materials Contains ways,
Placed in the title or tools required in the menthods, or steps
text and used to steps to carry out the take to achieve the
indicate the purpose process. goals in the text.
of the text.
Example: The
Example: How to ingredients for making Example: fist, wash
make noodles an omelette are eggs, the tomatoes. Then
shallots, vegetable oil, cut it into slices
salt & paper
 How to Make Delicious Fried Rice

Ingredients:

* ½ onion
* finely chopped “
* 2 eggs
Exam pl * ½ teaspoon salt
* Pepper as needed
e * 2 plates of previously cooked rice
* A tablespoon oyster sauce
* Two tablespoon frying oil
* Peas and chopped carrots as needed
 Instructions:

1. Heat the pan with medium heat.

2. Pour the oil into the pan.
3. When the oil is hot enough, slide the onion, peas, and
carrots to the side.
4. Then pour the beaten eggs onto the other side.
Scramble the egg using spatula.
5. When the veggie and egg mixture is half cooked, add
“
the rice and stir.

Exam pl 6. Do not use rice you have just cooked because it will be
like porridge.
e 7. Add the salt, pepper and oyster sauce.
8. Stir until it is all cooked.
9. You can add some chili or chili powder if you like spicy
foods.
10. You can also add other ingredients like shrimp,
sausage, or meatball to make it more delicious. But you
need to add it before you add the rice to make sure that
all the ingredients will be well cooked together.
 03
INSPIRING
SONG
 Generic structure of
the song
The general structure of a song consists of
verse-chorus-verse-bridge-chorus. It is better
for us to learn more about the complete
structure of songs.
a. Intro
The introduction establishes melodic,
harmonic, and/or rhythmic related to the
main body of song.
b. Verse
It is the section of the song structure that
tells the story. This is the exposition,
describing the scene or the person, or an
emotion.
There are usually two or three verses in a
row that have the same musical structure,
the same rhyme and poetic meter, but
different words. The second verse builds
on the picture painted in the first verse,
etc.
c. Break
A break is actually a brief “rest” or
“pause” for the core melody within a song
used to add further dimension and
excitement. It may include a quick
instrumental solo or drum interlude or it
may be a brief moment of silence, or
acombination of each of these elements.
 Generic structure of
the song
d. Chorus of Refrain
A chorus is the most repeated section, so it’s
the easiest remembered. A chorus is the
summary of the song’s story. All the verses
have been leading up to the chorus, and is
usually the part of the song people sing
along with. A chorus can come at the
beginning of the song structure; it can also
start in the middle, or come at the end. In
fact, some songs don’t have choruses at all.
Some people are usually confused to
differentiate between choruses and refrain.
A refrain is any line that repeats in the
song lyric, while a chorus is any group of
lines that repeat.
e. Bridge
This is the part of the song that shifts. It
can suddenly change tempo, or volume, or
instrumentation. The bridge is the section
that gives the audience time to reflect on
the story, or gives them the “climax” or
conclusion of the story through verses and
chorus. Bridges can be used to give the
singer a break.
 Generic structure of
the song
f. Outro or Coda

This is the end of the road for the song. It

can repeat the intro, chorus or a refrain as
an outro, or a bridge with an instrumental
solo.
 Kinds of song
1. Classical Music
Classical music is a type of music that
has high artistic value. Classical
music has been around for a long time
with beautiful notes and tones and
doesn't create boredom for the
listeners
2. Jazz Music
Jazz music is an amalgamation of blues,
ragtime and European music, especially
band music. So that jazz music has a
light tone and has a calm impression
3. Country Music
This type of music has a light,
cheerful and relaxed tone. Initially
this music was created for folk
music in the United States to be
precise in the mountainous region
of Appalachia.
 Kinds of song
4. Rock Music
Rock music has the distinctive rhythm and
tone of an electric guitar that can be used
from lows to highs. Not only electric
guitars, rock music is also accompanied by
bass sounds, drums and other instruments
5. Pop Music
The following types of music are pop
music that has simple tones and lyrics.
Pop music tends to be easy to digest and
easy to sing about. This pop music that
everyone can accept makes pop music a
universal music
6. Ballad Music
Ballad music is a type of music that
plays slowly, most of which have a
theme of love. Ballad music often
uses poetic words accompanied by
slow music.
 9. Hip Hop
Kinds of song Music
The next types of music are music that
developed in the eastern region of America,
7. Blues Music namely hip hop music. Hip hop music is
usually dominated by rap. Hip hop music is in
Blues music originated from African
demand by music lovers
people in America. Blues originally
developed as a tribute music to African
slaves in America. Blues music has a 10. Dagdut Music
sad impression.
This type of music from Indonesia is widely
8. Reggae Music developed in various regions in the country.
Dangdut music itself has Indian and Malay
nuances. Not infrequently, dangdut music can be
This type of music was created by Jamaicans.
accompanied by traditional musical instruments
Usually reggae music contains messages of
that are not only with modern musical instruments.
peace, love of equality and balance of nature.
This music sounds relaxed but has a thumping
beat. Examples of reggae singers are Bob Marley,
Toots Hibbert and Jimmy Cliff.
 To identify parts of song
A. Intro

Think of this as a prelude to the actual song. It might be as simple as an instrumental bar or two of
the coming verse, or it could be a longer, fully realized section employing alternate tempos and
keys. Whether it’s intricate or plain, the idea is to set up a listener’s expectations of what’s to come.

B. Verse

Arguably the most elemental part of a song, the verse is where the song’s story—whether it’s
lyrical or instrumental-begins to unfold. Musically, the verses will usually be more or less
identical to each other, while the story contained in the lyrics will play out over the course of
several verses.
 To identify parts of song
C. Refrain
This element typically replaces its counterpart, the more commonly found chorus. It’s a part of
the song that repeats throughout, typically at the beginning or end of the verse, and the lyrics
often contain the title of the song. Though similar to the chorus, it’s shorter and simpler, and
musically it doesn’t diverge much from the verse. The line “The answer, my friend, is blowing in
the wind” from the Bob Dylan song of the same name, is an example of a refrain

D. Prechorus
Another optional song section, but one especially common in rock. Think of it as a musical
spacer between the verse and the chorus. Unlike a bridge, it’s typically repeated before each
chorus in the song. Its role is typically to build up suspense or anticipation before the big
payoff of the chorus.
 To identify parts of song
G. Outro (or Coda)
Like the intro, the outro or coda is a section of song that takes us out of the song’s emotional
landscape. It can be as simple as a bit of verse or chorus repeated several times, or it can be an
entirely new section of music. The Beatles’ “Hey Jude” includes one of the most recognizable
codas—the long “Na na na na….Hey Jude” section—in rock.

H. Hook
While not technically a part of song structure, the hook is an important element. As the name
implies, it’s the catchiest part of a song. Confused? Imagine Outkast’s “Hey Ya!” or Carly Rae
Jepsen’s “Call Me Maybe” without their choruses, and you’ll know what a hook is.
How to find the message in
a song!

Listen to the song and feel the

meaning behind it…
 Thanks!
Do you have any
questions?

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