University of Agriculture Faisalabad

PREPARED BY: SADIA ASLAM

COURSE: EDUCATIONAL RESEARC
CLASS: B.ed 2nd Sem.
 
 Scientific Method

A method of research in which problem is identified,

relevant data is gathered, a hypothesis is formulated from
this data, and the hypothesis is empirically tested.
LUNDBERG: “Scientific Method consists of a systematic
observation, classification and interpretation of the data”.
FRANK WOLF: ‘The scientific Method is a process by
which scientists, collectively and overtime, endeavor to
construct an accurate (that is, reliable, consistent and non
arbitrary) representation of the world”.
 Steps of Scientific Method

The scientific method is a very orderly process entailing

a number of sequential steps:
1. Recognition and the definition of the problem.
2. Formulation of a hypothesis to explain the
phenomena.
3. Collection of data.
4. Analysis of the data.
5. Statement of conclusions regarding confirmation or
disconfirmation of the hypothesis.
Process of Scientific Method
 Purpose of Scientific Method

1.The goal of scientific Method is to explain,

predict and control the phenomena.
2.Acquisition of knowledge and the
development and testing a new theory.
3.More efficient and reliable than other sources
of knowledge.
Application of Scientific Method in
Education
The application of the scientific method to
study educational problems is known as
educational research.
Educational research is the formal, systematic
application of the scientific method to study the
educational problems.
 Application

1.To study the educational problems.

2.It is used in the Sciences.
3.To generate new knowledge. 
4.To explain, predict and control educational phenomena.
5.To solve various problems regarding education.
6.Observers may be subjective in recording behavior.
7.Execution of research procedures.
Steps Involved in Conducting an Educational
Research

The steps involved in conducting research should look familiar since

they directly parallel to those of the scientific method. 
1. Selection and definition of a problem: A problem is a hypothesis or
question of interest to education which can be tested or answered to
the collection and analysis of data. 
2. Execution of research procedures: The procedure reflect all the
activities involved in collecting data related to the problem, e.g. how
data were collected and from whom? The design, the study dictates to
a great extent, the specific procedures involve sin the study.
 3. Analysis of data

Data analysis usually involves application of one or more

statistical techniques. Data are analyzed in a way that permits
the researcher to test the research hypothesis or answer the
research question. For some studies, data analysis involves
verbal synthesis of narrative data. These studies typically share
resulting insights and/ or generate hypothesis.
 4. Drawing and stating conclusions

The conclusions are based on the results of data analysis. They

should be stated in terms of the original hypothesis or
question. Conclusion should indicate, for example, whether the
research hypothesis was supported or not. For studies
involving verbal synthesis, conclusion is more tentative.