Toy Project

Tedra Floyd      01/20/2021

 PIAGET'S THEORY OF
COGNITIVE
DEVELOPMENT
JEAN PIAGET'S THEORY OF COGNITIVE
DEVELOPMENT SUGGESTS THAT CHILDREN MOVE
THROUGH FOUR DIFFERENT STAGES OF MENTAL
DEVELOPMENT. HIS THEORY FOCUSES NOT ONLY
ON UNDERSTANDING HOW CHILDREN ACQUIRE
KNOWLEDGE, BUT ALSO ON UNDERSTANDING THE
NATURE OF INTELLIGENCE.
 Stage One: The
Sensorimotor Stage

 Birth to 2 years
 The age range of sensorimotor development
is birth to 18-24 months old. The senses and
motor actions are combined to develop new
skills. This is a period when babies and
infants use listening, seeing, sucking, and
grasping items to learn.
 Toys: Appropriate toys for children in
Sensorimotor developmental stage include
rattles, balls, crinkle books, and various
This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY. toys for the child to grasp and explore.
Musical toys and gadgets that light up can
be used to help develop hearing sense and
touch connections.
Stage Two: The
Preoperational Stage

 Age 2 to 7
 This stage of preoperational development ranges from 18-
24 months to 7 years old. Language skills advance and
children are beginning to use symbols, or objects, of play.
Egocentrism is also a big part of this stage as the child can
only see things from their own perspective and not from
other people's perspectives.
 Toys: Appropriate toys for children in Preoperational
Stage developmental stage are action figures, dolls,
barbies, dress up, and other pretend play types toys. Goal
is to develop symbolic understanding and imagination.

This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-SA.

 Stage Three: The
Concrete Operational
Stage
 Age 7 to 11
 The concrete operational is from 7 to 12
years old. This stage is when a child begins
to develop logical thought, comprehend
conservation, and understand weight,
volume, mass, and numbers. They begin to
understand "conservation" - or that the same
item can take different shapes. For
example, they grasp that the amount of
water in a tall glass is the same in a smaller
glass if they are both the same ounces.
Problem solving skills are developing in this
stage.
 Toys: Appropriate toys for Concrete
Operational stage are number games, logic
games, crosswords puzzles, remote control
toys, STEM toys. The aim is to develop
logical thought processes and learn about
how things work.
Stage Four: The
Formal Operational
Stage
 Age 12 and up
 The age range of formal operational
development is from adolescence
(12 years of age) to adulthood. The
child can comprehend hypothetical
or abstract scenarios. They can do
more abstract mathematics, use
abstract reasoning, and determine
outcomes of actions. Problem-
solving can include logical thought
and hypothetical thought.
 Toys: Appropriate toys for this
Formal Operational Stage include
games that involve strategy and
thought. Sudoku puzzles, Rubik's
cube, chess, remote control toys,
and video interactive games.
The child might also like bikes,
skates, or hover boards - or toys
that help to improve dexterity,
balance, and coordination.
This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-SA.
References

 https://www.verywellmind.com/piagets-stages-of
-cognitive-development-2795457